全球化的汽车零部件产业外文翻译.doc

外文翻译 原文 Globalization of the Auto Parts Industry Material: Journal of International Marketing Author: Marc Santucci Over the past 15 years the auto industry has shifted from a regional industry to a global industry. As a result of this shift the original equipment supplier base has been pulled in the same direction. The globalization process has paralleled the consolidation of the supplier base that has taken place. These two trends have brought new challenges and opportunities to the supplier community. ELM International's database of tier-one suppliers in the United States contains approximately 1,500 companies. Of these companies, 86 are owned or controlled by European parents, and 292 are owned or controlled by Japanese parents. Several others are owned or controlled by Canadian, Australian, and Brazilian companies. For most of this century the auto industry was a local industry. With the exception of Ford and GM—and for a period of time, Chrysler—design, engineering, and non-CKD (complete knock down) production by each of the automakers took place in the home region. There were instances where CKD production developed into full production such as Fiat and Volkswagen in Brazil and Volkswagen in Mexico. Globalization beyond Ford and CM began taking hold in the '70s and increased rapidly in the '80s and '90s. Honda and Nissan were the first Japanese automakers to become active in both Europe and North America. Toyota has very aggressively followed the lead and now has assembly plants spread throughout the world. Suzuki, although much smaller than the above-mentioned automakers, has been very active in regions where their small cars and trucks are in demand. They went in early to India and Hungary and are active in other parts of Asia and Eastern Europe. Fiat and Volkswagen have been active in Eastern Europe and Latin America as well as China. Mercedes and BMW, long wedded to their German operations, are now building plants in the United States, Brazil, and Mexico