run-on_sentences_and_sentence_fragments外文课件.ppt

状 语 从 句 由when/while/as/once/whenever/as soon as引导的时间状语从句 例：Please come here as soon as（it is）possible. While （I was——walking in the rain, I heard my name called. 我在雨中漫步时，听到有人叫我的名字。 当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时且谓语动词为be，常省略从句的主语和be动词. 这样省略的条件: (1)从句中被省略的主语必须与主句的主语一致,或者是it；(2)谓语动词必须含有be；(3)从句必须与主语和be动词一起省去，不可只省略主语而保留整个谓语，也不可只保留主语而省略谓语。 由if/unless引导的条件状语从句例：She won’t come to party unless（she is）invited. 由though/although/even if/even though引导的让步状语从句 例：He is very good at painting, though（he is）very young. Though（he was）exhausted, he stayed up late. 尽管疲惫不堪，他仍很晚才睡。 由because引导的原因状语从句 例：He was praised because （he was）brave. 由wherever/where引导的地点状语从句 例：Fill in the blanks with articles where（it is）necessary. 从句和主句中相同或大体相同部分都可以省略 例：The sooner, the better. 越早越好。She is as tall as 她和我一样高。 由as if/as though/as 引导的方式状语从句 例：The boy looked as if（he was）afraid of nothing. I wonder why he didn’t do as（he was）told to. 比较状语从句：例：She likes reading better than (she likes) going to parties. He has lived here longer than I (has lived). In winter it is colder in Beijing than（it is）in Guangzhou. 省略相同的部分 限 定 性 定 语 从 句 关系代词作宾语时可省略关系代词 例： I’ll give you all（that）I have. He read the book （which）I got yesterday. 在以the same…as/such…as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分 例： direction(方向)，distance(距离)，time(时间)，times(倍数), the way(方式)等后面所接的定语从句中，可省略that/in which/which例：I don’t like the way（that/which）she talks to me. The?direction?(in?which)?we?move?a?body?can?be?changed.我们移动物体的方向是可以改变的。The?distance?(which或that)?light?travels?in?one?second?is?300，000?kilometers.光每秒走的距离是30万公里。 过去分词作定语。 例：Any body （who was）born in prison had to stay there and no chance of an education. (5)复合句的省略? 虚 拟 句 If引导的虚拟条件从句中含had/were/should，可以把had/were/should提到句前，省略if 例：Had he worked hard （If he had worked hard），he would have got through the examinations. 如果他努力学习了，他就会通过考试。 在与suggest/request/order/advise等词有关的名词性从句须用虚拟语气形式“主语+should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。 例：We all agree on his suggestion that we (should)work o