Grammar 名词性从句 万州二中吴毅.ppt

Grammar 名词性从句 万州二中吴毅 定义： 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句可以表示：事实和问题。 1.连接词有： that whether 和 lf 2.连接代词有：who whom whose which what 等 3.连接副词有：when where why how 等 另外 whatever whoever whichever等 也可 以引导主语和宾语两种从句。 主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分 1). That he will succeed is certain . 2) Whether he will go there is not known . 3) What he said is not true . 4) Where he hid the money is to be found out . 5) Whoever comes is welcome. 6) It’s certain that he will succeed . 7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 8)When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet. 一：It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子的某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that.被强调部分指人是也可用who\whom. It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window 2. 用it 作形式主语的 结构 It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that 事实是….. It is an honor that 非常荣幸….. It is common knowledge that 是常识….. It is +形容词+从句 It is natural that 很自然….. It is strange that 奇怪的是….. It is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that 似乎….. It happened that 碰巧….. 3.主语从句不能用于句首的五种情况 （1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 （2）It is said…结构中的主语从句不能用于句首。 （3）It happens…It occurs…结构中的主语从句不能提前 （4）It doesn’t matter how\whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时， 主语从句不能提前。 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。 连接词：that / whether /as if /as though（ if 不引导 表语从句) 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because The question is whether we can rely on him. That’s because we were in need of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry . That’s why I was late . 注意：1.在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用 “whether”不能用“If”。2.一般情况下，“that”不能省。 It is /was because …. It is /was why…. 3. The reason (why…/for…)is /was that….4 The reason is because /why… 同位