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《Zhangamp;Wilson(infectionsurveillanceinChina)》.pdf
Trends in Notifiable Infectious Diseases in China:
Implications for Surveillance and Population Health
Policy
Lei Zhang*, David P. Wilson
The Kirby Institute for infection and immunity in society, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse trends in notifiable infectious diseases in China, in their historical context. Both English and
Chinese literature was searched and diseases were categorised according to the type of disease or transmission route.
Temporal trends of morbidity and mortality rates were calculated for eight major infectious diseases types. Strong
government commitment to public health responses and improvements in quality of life has led to the eradication or
containment of a wide range of infectious diseases in China. The overall infectious diseases burden experienced a dramatic
drop during 1975–1995, but since then, it reverted and maintained a gradual upward trend to date. Most notifiable diseases
are contained at a low endemic level; however, local small-scale outbreaks remain common. Tuberculosis, as a bacterial
infection, has re-emerged since the 1990s and has become prevalent in the country. Sexually transmitted infections are in a
rapid, exponential growth phase, spreading from core groups to the general population. Together human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV), they account for 39% of all death cases due to infectious diseases in China in 2008.
Zoonotic infections, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), rabies and influenza, pose constant threats to
Chinese residents and remain the most deadly disease type among the infected individuals. Therefore, second-generation
surveillance of behavioural risks or vectors ass
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