太原理工大学矿业工程学院科技英语(一)-2常用概念.ppt

2 常用概念的英译 2.1 怎样译“有” 2.2 “用”的常见译法 2.3 “比较”的译法 2.4 举例子的表达方法 2.1 怎样译“有” 译法： have include be of hold show undergo Contain Contain “包含有”、“含有”，指一个统一体包含有两个或多个部分或成分，但都不一定要完全列出所包含的部分或成分，作“有”、”含有”、“装有”、“盛有”等解。 The gas contains about 5% of carbon monoxide. The tank contains 100 gallons of oil. The alloy contains 5% nickel and 5% iron. Consist of Consist of “由……组成”、“由……构成”，可翻译成“有”。它有“某个整体是由其各个部件组成”的含义，只能用于主动语态。 The class consists of thirty students. Smelting consists of heating the iron ore in the furnace and removing the slag. 冶炼有两个步骤，在高炉内加热铁矿石和除去铁渣。 comprise Comprise 双面动词，主语和宾语从原则上说可以互换，而句子意思基本不变。表示“包括”。 Most fuels comprises a mixture of different substances. Short course are arranged which last for five days and comprise lecture, demonstration and visit to a hospital. Be composed of Be composed of “由……组成”。 The machine is composed of several different parts. The sea is mainly composed of water and salt. Gunpowder is composed of sulfur, carbon, and potassium nitrate(硝酸钾). include Include “包括有”，“含有”，指有形或抽象的东西，其宾语可指全体，也可指部分。 The book was more useful because it included a detailed chronological(编年的) table of the events. The chief live stock breeds include 12 horse breeds, 14 cattle breeds,11 sheep breeds, 15 swine(猪) breeds, and yak(牦牛) and camel. The machine includes two plastic parts. Hold, have Hold “装有”、“盛有”、“容纳有”、“包含有”，常用于科技上。 Sea-water holds many salts in solution. “溶有” The battery holds enough electricity. Have “有”。 A rectangle has four sides.. The new methods has the most remarkable advantages. Be made up of， be of Be made up of 侧重于强调“人为的组成”。 Cast-iron is made up of about six different substances. The contents of moulding sand(造型砂) is made up of quartz, feldspar and mica(云母). Be of 表示抽象概念的“有”。 Engines are of two kinds, internal-combustion engines and external-combustion engines. There be 句型， show There be 句型 表示“有”，”存在” There are 13 species and 1000 varieties or more of Chinese pears which have been classified into oriental pear. Show