科技英语翻译引言冠词连词数词案例.ppt

 Introduction The features of EST I. Complicated long sentences Generally, EST is required to state accurately and reason strictly, therefore, it is common that there exist 3 or 4 even 5 or 6 clauses in a long sentence. When translating into Chinese, one has to separate the sentence into corresponding number of clauses so as to state clearly and avoid “Chinese English”. e.g. 1. Factories will not buy machines unless they believe that the machine will produce goods that they are able to sell to consumers at a price that will cover all costs. 译文1：除非相信那些机器造出的产品卖给消费者的价格足够支付所有开销，厂家是不会买那些机器的。 译文2：要不相信那些机器造出的产品售价够本，厂家是不会买的。 2. There is an increasing belief in the idea that the “problem solving attitude” of the engineer must be buttressed (strengthened) not only by technical knowledge and “scientific analysis” but that the engineer must also be aware of economics and psychology and, perhaps even more important, that he must understand the world around him. ( one main clause and three sub-clauses ) 译文：越来越信服的想法是：工程师不仅必须用技术知识和科学分析来加强解决问题的意向，而且也一定要了解经济学和心理学，而可能更为重要的是：必须懂得周围世界。 II. Passive voice Passive voice is quite often used in English, and there are about 1/3 of sentences in passive voice. The purpose of the passive voice is to stress the stated objective matter which is put at the beginning of a sentence as the subject to emphasize its importance. Note: During the process of translation, the passive voice should be converted into the active voice so as to conform to Chinese grammatical rules. e.g. 1. No work can be done without energy. 译文：没有能量就不能做功。 2. All sorts of necessities of life can be made of plastics. 译文：各种生活必需品都能用塑料制造。 3. All business decisions must now be made in the light of the market. 译文：所有企业现在必须根据市场来作出决策。 4. Automobiles may be manufactured with computer-driven robots or put together almost totally by hand. 译文：汽车可以由计算机操纵的机器人来制造，或者几乎全部用手工装配。 III. Non-finite verbs Only one verb can be used as the predicate in a simple sentence in English. If the