党娅萍甘油预处理对热处理材尺寸稳定性的影响初探木材工业.doc

甘油预处理对热处理材尺寸稳定性的 影响初探 党娅萍，闫丽(，雷亚芳 （西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院，陕西杨陵 712100） 摘要：本文采用不同浓度的甘油水溶液对毛白杨和云杉进行预处理，然后进行高温热处理，以提高木材的尺寸稳定性，并测量热处理材的密度增加率、平衡含水率、吸水抗胀率和吸湿抗胀率。较佳的预处理条件为：采用浓度为20%甘油水溶液预处理毛白杨，热处理材密度增加率为7%，平衡含水率达10%以下，吸水抗胀率达63%，吸湿抗胀率达35%以上。采用浓度为40%甘油水溶液预处理云杉，热处理材密度增加率为0%，平衡含水率达14%以下，吸水抗胀率达57%，吸湿抗胀率达46%以上。 关 键 词：甘油水溶液; 预处理; 热处理; 尺寸稳定性 Primary research on the Effect of Glycerin Solution Pretreatment on Dimensional Stability of Thermal treated Wood Dang Ya-ping，Yan Li，Lei Ya-fang （Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northwest A ＆ F University, Yangling 712100) hermal treated Populus tomentosa Carr and Picea asperata were pretreated by glycerin of different concentration.Densities increasing rate, equilibrium moisture content, moisture absorption ASE and water absorption ASE of thermal treated wood were measured. So the better pretreatment conditions can be dealt with as follows that glycerin of the concentration of 20% was used for Populus tomentosa Carr , its densities increasing rate was 7%, its equilibrium moisture content was less than 10%, its moisture absorption ASE was 63%, its water absorption ASE exceed 35%,and glycerin of the concentration of 40% was used for Picea asperata , its densities increasing rate was 0%, its equilibrium moisture content was less than 14%, its moisture absorption ASE was 57%, its water absorption ASE exceed 46%. Key words：retreatment; Thermal treatment; Dimensional stability 由于采用甲醛类药剂及含有甲醛的树脂改性的木材对环境有污染[1-5]，所以采用高温处理提高木材的尺寸稳定性是木材改性行业中常用的方法[6]。所谓高温热处理通常是将木材在高于200℃的超高温环境中进行的，在此温度下木材容易燃烧，且能源消耗量大。但是在相对较低的温度下对木材进行热处理以达到同样提高木材尺寸稳定性方面的研究还处于空白。有学者通过木材的化学成分含量测定得出，甘油预处理可加剧热处理过程中木材主要化学成分的降解[7]。本研究以速生的云杉和毛白杨木材为研究对象，用不同浓度的甘油水溶液预处理，并进行高温热处理，比较了不同浓度甘油水溶液预处理的热处理材与对照材的尺寸稳定性的差异，对甘油预处理对热处理材尺寸稳定性的影响进行了初步探索。通过密度增加率、平衡含水率、吸水抗胀率及吸湿抗胀率等性能的测定,对改性效果进行评价。 1 试验材料与方法 1.1 材料 试验材料为云杉（Picea asperata）和毛白杨（Populu