初中英语动词不定式.ppt

动词形式基本分类（除去时态） 动词原形：do 如：swim 动词不定式：to do 如：to swim 动词ing形式：doing 如：swimming 不定式的结构： to + do (动词原形) He plans go to Jinan for a holiday. to 注： to只是一个符号，起结构作用，无任何实际意义 He told me not to close the door. He asked me not to close the door. 不定式的句式： He told me to close the door. He asked me to close the door. not+to+do 肯定式： to do tell sb. to do sth. ask sb. to do sth. tell sb. not to do sth. ask sb. not to do sth. 否定式： 不定式的特点： She wanted to be a teacher. We decide to give some money to the poor. 1) 动词不定式在句子中不能做谓语 2) 没有人称、数、时态的变化。 不定式的句法功能： 动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能, 可在句中 用做多种句子成分。 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 　 句子的基本结构: To learn English is easy. To get up early is important . 返回 主语+谓语+宾语+状语。 主语: 主语过长，头重脚轻 主语过长，头重脚轻。用it代替其做形式主语。 常见句型： It’s + adj+ to do sth. 学英语很容易。 早起是重要的。 对我们来说学英语很容易。 对他来说早起是重要的。 以前还学过类似的句子： It’s very kind of you to help me. It’s nice of him to take care of his young brother. It’s easy to learn English. It’s important to get up early. It’s easy ______to learn English. It’s important _________to get up early. 句型：It’s + adj+ of sb. to do sth. 如果说对某人来说做什么事是怎样的怎么办？也就是需要体现 这些行为的逻辑主语，那怎么办？ for us for him 句型：It’s + adj+ for sb. to do sth. 形式主语 真正主语 区别： It’s + adj+ for sb. to do sth. It’s + adj+ of sb. to do sth. 注: for形容词修饰的是动作；of形容的是人： It’s foolish _____ you to ask such silly questions. It’s important _____ me to learn maths well. It’s polite _____ you to knock on the door before you come in. for of of 宾 语 I would like to see your photos. Kevin planned to visit his uncle. 特殊(一）： 类似词: want, agree, hope, decide, agree, start, begin, love, like, hate, prefer等。 注意：