毕业论文-朱豫强---田修改1解析.doc

毕业设计(论文) 题 目 名 称： 活性氧化铝对水中 氟化物去除效果的研究 学 院： 建筑与环境学院 专 业/班 级： 给水排水工程 学 生： 朱豫强 学 号： 指 导 教 师 ： 田林锋  摘 要 氟是维持身体各项生理机能正常运转所必需的微量元素之一，适量的氟可以有效促进硬组织骨骼和牙齿的钙化，但摄入量过高则会引起氟中毒。人体所需的氟主要来自饮水，长期饮用高氟水可患氟骨病，轻者诱发氟斑牙，重者导致四肢变形，以致瘫痪，危及生命。因此，经济合理、应用成熟的吸附除氟法越来越受到重视。活性氧化铝是吸附法中大量使用的一种除氟剂，但其吸附容量较低，使用寿命较短，再生后除氟效果不佳，限制了其进一步推广。本文研究了氟化物的测定方法、活性氧化铝的制备，通过静态吸附实验、动态吸附实验以及再生实验结果分析探讨其除氟机理与效果。 根据静态实验和动态实验结果分析，研究了活性氧化铝对氟离子的吸附性能，分析了活性氧化铝、投加量、吸附时间和震荡频率对除氟的影响。研究表明，活性氧化铝的投加量与其吸附总量开始时基本呈线性增加的关系，但当活性氧化铝的量增加到一定量时其吸附总量将基本不再增加。振荡吸附时间为2.0 小时吸附基本达到平衡。 关键词：活性氧化铝；除氟；静态吸附；动态吸附；吸附量 Abstract Fluoride is one of the essential trace elements to maintain the normal operation of the physiological function of the body, the amount of fluoride can effectively promote the hard tissue bones and teeth calcification, but excessive intake can cause fluorosis. Fluoride needed by the human body mainly from drinking water, long-term drinking high fluorine water may be suffering from fluorosis, dental fluorosis induced by mild in severe cases, lead to deformed limbs, so paralyzed, endanger life. Therefore, it is more and more attention to the economical and reasonable adsorption and removal of fluorine in the application. Activated alumina is a large amount of fluoride removal agent, but its adsorption capacity is low, the service life is shorter, the effect of fluoride removal is poor, which limits its further promotion. In this paper, the determination method of fluoride and the preparation of activated alumina were studied. The mechanism and effect of fluoride removal were studied by static adsorption experiment, dynamic adsorption experiment and regeneration experiment results. Based on the results of static experiments and dynamic experiments, the adsorption performance of activated alumina on fluoride ion was studied. The effect of activated alumina,