Astrocytes Optimize the Synaptic Transmission of Information 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Astrocytes Optimize the Synaptic Transmission of Information 英文参考文献.doc

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Astrocytes Optimize the Synaptic Transmission of Information 英文参考文献

AstrocytesOptimizetheSynapticTransmissionof Information SuhitaNadkarni1,PeterJung2*,HerbertLevine1 1CenterofTheoreticalBiologicalPhysics,UniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego,LaJolla,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomy,Ohio University,Athens,Ohio,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Chemical synapses transmit information via the release of neurotransmitter-filled vesicles from the presynaptic terminal. Usingcomputationalmodeling,wepredictthatthelimitedavailabilityofneurotransmitterresourcesincombinationwith thespontaneousreleaseofvesicleslimitsthemaximumdegreeofenhancementofsynaptictransmission.Thisgivesriseto anoptimaltuningthatdependsonthenumberofactivezones.Thereisstrongexperimentalevidencethatastrocytesthat enwrap synapses can modulate the probabilities of vesicle release through bidirectional signaling and hence regulate synaptic transmission. For low-fidelity hippocampal synapses, which typically have only one or two active zones, the predictedoptimalvalueslieclosetothosedeterminedbyexperimentallymeasuredastrocyticfeedback,suggestingthat astrocytesoptimizesynaptictransmissionofinformation. Citation: Nadkarni S, Jung P, Levine H (2008) Astrocytes Optimize the Synaptic Transmission of Information. PLoS Comput Biol 4(5): e1000088. doi:10.1371/ journal.pcbi.1000088 Editor:LyleJ.Graham,UFRBiome′dicaledel’Universite′ Rene′ Descartes,France ReceivedAugust22,2007;AcceptedApril24,2008;PublishedMay30,2008 Copyright: ? 2008 Nadkarni et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:ThisworkwassupportedbyNSF-sponsoredCenterforTheoreticalBiologicalPhysicsgrants(PHY0216576andPHY0225630)toSNandHLandNSF grantno.IBN-0078055toPJ. CompetingInterests:Theauthorshavedeclaredthatnocompetinginterestsexist. *E-mail:jung@ Introduction the available neurotransmitter resource as a f