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Chapter 4 Heat Earth Science(第四章热地球科学)
Chapter 4
Heat
Have you ever seen a hot air balloon float high above Earth’s
surface? What about a hang glider or a soaring bird of prey
like a hawk? Each of these objects—a hot air balloon, a hang
glider, and a hawk—take advantage of heat to “fly.” In this
chapter, you will learn about heat and temperature and how
they affect natural events and human activities.
1. What is the difference between heat and
temperature?
2. Why does an ice cube melt in your hand?
3. Does the Sun help a hawk to fly?
4.1 What Is Heat?
What happens to an ice cube when you hold it in your hand? The ice melts because molecule - a group of atoms.
heat flows from your hand to the ice cube. We’ve all experienced the effects of heat,
kinetic energy - energy of
but what exactly is heat? motion.
Atoms and molecules
Particles of Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms that are too small to
matter move see with your eyes or even with a magnifying glass (Figure 4.1). In
constantly most matter, atoms occur in a group called a molecule. Atoms and
molecules move constantly. The molecules of the water you drink
and the air you breathe are moving. Molecules in an ice cube are
moving. All of the atoms of your body are moving constantly, too—
even when you are asleep!
Kinetic energy Imagine what it would be like to live in an atom-sized world. If you
were suddenly shrunk to the size of an atom, you would be pushed
and shoved by all the atoms and molecules around you. Watch out!
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