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ARTICLE IN PRESS
Microbiological Research 163 (2008) 337—344
www.elsevier.de/micres
Effects of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck epicarp
essential oil on growth and morphogenesis of
Aspergillus niger (L.) Van Tieghem
Neeta Sharma, Abhishek Tripathi
Mycology and Plant Pathology Division, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
Accepted 15 June 2006
KEYWORDS Summary
Aspergillus niger ;
Essential oils from different plant parts are known for their antimicrobial activity but
Citrus sinensis;
the antifungal effects of essential oil from Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck epicarp on
Essential oil;
growth and morphogenesis of Aspergillus niger has not been observed so far. The
GC/MS analysis;
mycelial growth was inhibited at 2.5 and 3.0 mg/ml of oil in Potato Dextrose Broth
Scanning electron
and Agar medium, respectively. These concentrations were fungicidal under the test
microscopy
conditions. The fungitoxicity of oil did not change even at exposure to 100 1C and
autoclaving. The main changes observed under light and scanning electron
microscopy after oil treatment were loss of cytoplasm in fungal hyphae, and
budding of hyphal tip. The hyphal wall and its diameter became markedly thinner,
distorted and resulted in cell wall disruption. The flattened and empty hyphal tips
bifurcated into bud lik
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