上海高一上册教师辅导讲义 定语从句.doc

学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数：3 学员姓名： 辅导科目： 英语 学科教师： 授课类型 T C T 授课日期及时段 教学内容 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词：where, when, why 根据先行词在定语从句中充当的成分的不同，把定语从句的引导词分为：关系代词（that，which，who, whom, whose, as）及关系副词（when, where, why）,定语从句引导词的选择，关键是看先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分，如果充当主语，宾语，表语，定语等就要选择关系代词，而如果先行词是做状语则选择关系副词。基本解题步骤方法就是先行词代入法：即将先行词带入到定语从句中，进而判断它所充当的成分，再确定引导词。 关系代词考试中常见考点： 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语： 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语（动词宾语或介词宾语）时可以省略，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不能省略。 She finally got the book that/which she wanted. ( 限制性定语从句)The book, which she bought last week, is a love story. (非限制性定语从句) 2）the way做先行词，关系代词有三种情况：①that; ②in which; ③省略不填。 that Eg: The way in which he talks to his parents is very impolite. / ）当关系代词whose指物时可以用“of + which”替换；即，whose + n=the + n + of which=of which + the + n。 ）用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, a few, much， a little等； ②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰； ③先行词有the only, the very, 等词修饰； ④先行词既有人又有物时； ⑤若前面有疑问词which,为了避免重复，关系代词用that。 ）用which而不用 that的情况： ①引导非限制性定语从句,只用which指物； ②引导非限制性定语从句时代表整个主句的意思； ③介词 + 关系代词，只用which指物; ④先行词本身是that,关系代词用which. 关系副词的应用 1）when: 代替表示时间的名词，相当于“在什么时候”，在从句中充当时间状语； 2）where: 代替表示地点的名词，相当于“在什么地方”在从句中充当地点状语； 3）why: 代替表示原因的名词，相当于“为什么原因”在从句中充当原因状语； “介词+which”代替关系副词引导定语从句 1）The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear. 2）Great changes have taken place in the city in which/where I was born. 3）From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. 当先行词是一些表示抽象地点的名词，如situation，case, point, career，，environment，example等时，关系副词选择whereas引导的定语从句 ①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such(so) … as结构中。 ②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常译为“正如…；正像…” as引导的非限制性定语从句通常用于下列句型： as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect，as is often the case，as was expected，as often happens，as has been said before，as is mentioned above。 Eg: As