高英report Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan.docx

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高英report Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan.docx

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高英report Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan

Report of lesson 2Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in JapanBackground informationHiroshima is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, means Wide Island in Japanese. Hiroshima gained city status on April 1, 1889. On April 1, 1980, Hiroshima became a designated city. As of 2006, the city had an estimated population of 1,154,391. Kazumi Matsui has been the citys mayor since April 2011.Hiroshima is best known as the first city in history to be targeted by a nuclear weapon when the United States Army Air Forces dropped an atomic bomb on the city at 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945, near the end of World War II.During World War II, the 2nd General Army and Chugoku Regional Army were headquartered in Hiroshima, and the Army Marine Headquarters was located at Ujina port. The city also had large depots of military supplies, and was a key center for shipping.On Monday, August 6, 1945, at 8:15 a.m., the nuclear bomb Little Boy was dropped on Hiroshima by an American B-29 bomber, the Enola Gay, flown by Colonel Paul Tibbets, directly killing an estimated 80,000 people. The population before the bombing was around 340,000 to 350,000. Approximately 70% of the citys buildings were destroyed, and another 7% severely damaged.At the time of its bombing, Hiroshima was a city of both industrial and military significance. A number of military units were located nearby, the most important of which was the headquarters of Field Marshal ShunrokuHatas Second General Army, which commanded the defense of all of southern Japan, and was located in Hiroshima Castle. Over 40,000 military personnel were stationed in the city.Hiroshima was a minor supply and logistics base for the Japanese military, but it also had large stockpiles of military supplies. The city was also a communications center, a key port for shipping and an assembly area for troops. It was also the second largest city in Japan after Kyoto that was still undamaged by air raids, due to the fact that it lacked the aircraft manufacturing indus