化学物质命名法 Nomenclature of Chemical substance.ppt

IUPAC Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, commonly referred to by chemists as the Red Book, is a collection of recommendations on inorganic chemical nomenclature published at irregular intervals by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The last full edition was published in 2005, in both paper and electronic versions. A revision of the Red Book was therefore initiated in 1998. This revised Red Book will supersede not only the 1990 Red Book but also, where appropriate, Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry II -Recommendations 2000 (Red Book II). One of the main changes from the old Red Book is the different organization of material, adopted to improve clarity. Overall, the emphasis on additive nomenclature (generalized from the classical nomenclature of coordination compounds) which was already apparent in the 1990 Red Book, is reinforced. The reader facing the problem of how to name a given compound or species may find help in several ways. A flowchart is provided which will in most cases guide the user to a section or chapter where rules can be found for generating at least one possible name. A more detailed subject index is also provided, as well as an extended guide to possible alternative names of a wide range of simple inorganic compounds. Name the following compounds by the IUPAC system (CH3)2CH-CH2-CHOH-(CH3)2 CH2(OH)-CH (OH)- CH2(OH) CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH= CH2 CH3- CH2-O-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2-COONH2(CH3)2 CH3- CH2-COCl CH2OH-CHOH -CH2-N(CH3)2 CH3- CHBr-CHBr-CH2-CH2-COOH (9) (10) CH3- CHBr-CHBr-CH2-CH2-COOH Nomenclature of Chemical substance Nomenclature of Hydrocarbon International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) The IUPAC name of an alkane with an unbranched chain of carbon atoms consists of two parts: －－a prefix that indicates the number of carbon atoms in the chain; －－ the ending that indicates the species Nomenclature of Hydrocarbon Prefixs used in the IUPAC system to indicate one to 20 car