医学英语考试.doc

Vowels and Syllables Know all the vowels- A E I OU Y makes two vowel sounds- I and E Sometime two vowels make only one sound as the word “dear” Words are broken down into the smaller parts called syllables based on these sounds Gene=1 sound, genetic=3, genetically=5 Prefix, Suffix, Acronyms Prefix is before the word ?happy,unhappy changes its _meaning___?e Suffix after word ?slow, slowly changes its_used__ Prefix _? Acronym- abbreviation of several words like United Nations=UN, European Union=EU An acronym is a ward formed from the first letters of a name. Critical Thinking Review chapter in the book Definition of “critical thinking” Remember the examples: True- Giant Pandas are black and white. True- Giant Pandas are bears ? All bears are black and white. Fulse Because polar bears are white. CRITICAL THINKINGCritical Thinking is the ability to examine ideas in a systematic(体系的) way. It requires viewing all available information about a topic(话题) or idea, and then step by step pull each one apart for its truthfulness. Finally, one draws a conclusion about the idea: Is it valuable and valid(有效的)? Or Is it based on false premises(前提), and therefore, worthless? The next thing to understand is that all questions fall into three categories based on their answers:Absolutes/ facts- At what temperature does water boil? 100CLogic/ conclusions- Most people would agree that it is not healthy to smoke cigarettes based on medical studies.Opinions/ may or may not be based on facts. They cannot be proven valid-Dogs are superior pets to cats. Review of Anatomical Position（图略） Anterior and Posterior Views- What do you see? navel, palms of hand, soles of feet, knees+patella Lateral Views, Right and Left- What do you see? Right or Left Arm leg Be able to describe the location on the body. Know where they are- Anterior :navel, palms of hand, , knees+patella Posterior: soles of feet Stem Cells Read chapter in the book on stem cells Define- genetic mutation Th