儿科Disease of the Respiratory system in Children.ppt

2.anti-virus A.ribavirin B.interferon 3 .mycoplasma and chlamydial pneumonia:erythromycin,30-50mg/kg (三)severe cases treatment Sedate if the patient is restless (dysphoria), 烦躁不安some sedative should be used, such as: 5％ chloride hydras 1ml /kg, po (orally) or enema.灌肠 B.Control of heart failure: The following cardiotonnic drug is used: Strophanthin K, 0.007-0.01mg /kg, iv. b. Cedilanid total digitalizing dose 0.03-0.04 mg /kg, half od the total dose is used initially; after 6 hour,1 /4 of total dose is used again; the final 1 /4 of total dose is used another 6 hour later. C. Dehydration;脱水 Furosemide速尿, 1mg /kg, im or iv; 20％Mannital 5ml /kg, q12h iv (used in toxic encephalopathy) (五)The indication of hormone 1.中毒症状明显 2.严重喘憋 3.脑水肿，中毒性脑病 4.胸膜渗出 地塞米松3-5日 The characteristics of different types of pneumonia A.Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia (bronchiolitis)RSV 1.Pathogen:RSV—interstisial pneumonia 2.age:<2yrs <1yr more seen 3.Clinical manifestation a.fever:high,moderate or low grade fever b.symptoms: wheezy spell attack喘憋 paroxysmal expiratory dyspea阵发性呼吸困难 nasal flaring鼻翼煽动 three depression sign三凹症 cyanosis发绀 c.sign:high pitch stridor 喘鸣and fine rales over base of lung 4.others: heart failure respiratory failure WBC normal 5.X-ray:spott-patch shadows 6.prognosis:better B.Adenovirus pneumonia ADV It occus during the first 2 years of life, with a peak incidence at approximate 6 months of age. The illness usually occurs epidemically流行的. Pathologic lesion →bronchiolar obstruction and interstitial lesion. Clinical manifestations→sudden onset with higher fever, usually continuous for one week, in severe case, the fever lasts for 2-3weeks. Respiratory distress →wheezy cough, dyspnea, pale, restless and cyanosis. Sighs →fine rales may be heard a few day later.