微变化研究法与二语习得研究.doc

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微变化研究法与二语习得研究.doc

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微变化研究法与二语习得研究 Guangzhou,ChinaModemForeignLanguages(Quarterly)Vo1.26No.3July2003:311—317 TheMicrogeneticMethodandSecondLanguageAcquisitionResearch WENQiu—fang Thepaperintroducestosecondlanguageresearchersthemicrogeneticmethodemergingin cognitivepsychology.Overthepasttwentyyears,anincreasingnumberofresearchershaveadopted thismethodtostudythepathandmechanismofchangeincognitivedevelopmentwithafocuson variabilitywithinagroupandwithinasubject.Themethodischaracterizedbythreeessentialprop— erties:asufficientlylongobservationspan,ahighdensityofobservationsandanintensiveanalysisof theobservationdata.Itcandistinguishamongfivedimensionsofchange:itspath,rate,breath, sourceandvariability.Thepathofchangereferstothesequenceofknowledgestatesorproblem— solvingstrategieswhenthesubjectsaregainingcompetencewhereastherateofchangespecifiesthe periodoftimethatseparatestheinitialdiscoveryofanewstrategyfromtheconsistentuseofit.While thebreadthofchangeshowshowwidelythestrategyconsistentlyusedinthetreatmentisgeneralized tootherproblemsandcontexts,thesourceofchangeinvolvesthecausesthatsetthechangeinmo— tion.Thelastdimensionofchange,i.e.thevariability,measureshowsubjectsinanexperimentdiffer fromoneanotherintermsofpath,rate,breadthandsourceofchange.Themostoutstandingfeature ofthismethodisthatitcanbeusedtodoresearchondiversifiedCO1ntareasandpopulations.and canmakeupforsomeofthelimitationsofcross—sectionalandlongitudinalstudies.However,itis difficulttousethismethodextensivelybecauseitistime—consumingandlabor—intensive,andit requiresthesubjectstobewellmotivatedandextremelycooperative.Thepaperfinallyexploresthe possibilitiesofusingthismethodindoingresearchonsecondlanguageacquisition.Itsuggeststhatwe mayusethismethodtoinvestigatefrequencyeffectsontheco~ectionofstudents’fossilizederrorsor thelearningofanewlinguisticitem.Thefindingsyieldedbythismethodwillrevealthemechanism ofchangeinL2developmentandthecomplexitiesofL2learning. Keywords:microgeneficmethod,variability,frequencyeffects,secondlanguageacquis