调控褐色脂肪细胞分化的microRNAs.PDF

Hereditas (Beijing) 2015 年3 月, 37(3): 240 ―249 综 述 调控褐色脂肪细胞分化的microRNAs 郭云涛，苗向阳 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所，北京 100193 摘要:MicroRNA(miRNA)是近年来在真核生物中发现的一类长约22nt 的内源性非编码RNA ，在动物中主要通 过抑制靶 mRNA 翻译，在转录后水平调控基因表达。动物体内有两种类型的脂肪组织：褐色和白色脂肪，白 色脂肪以甘油三脂形式贮存能量，而褐色脂肪利用甘油三酯产生能量。褐色脂肪因其对肥胖的拮抗作用而对研 究肥胖等代谢疾病具有重要意义，大量研究表明miRNA 在褐色脂肪细胞分化中扮演着重要角色，其自身也受 到多种转录因子和环境因子调控，这个复杂的调控网络维持了体内脂肪组织稳态。文章主要综述了miRNA 在 褐色脂肪细胞分化中的最新研究进展，以期为利用miRNA 进行肥胖、糖尿病等相关疾病及其并发症的治疗提 供新思路。 microRNA ；褐色脂肪细胞；分化 关键词: MicroRNAs in the regulation of brown adipocyte differentiation Yuntao Guo, Xiangyang Miao Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous non-coding RNA about 22 nucleotide long, regulate gene expression at the post-transcription level by inhibiting the translation or inducing the degradation of their target mRNAs in organisms. There are two types of adipose tissues: brown and white. White adipose tissues store energy in the form of trig- lycerides (TGs), while brown adipose tissues catabolize TGs to generate energy. Brown adipose tissues are of great impor- tance to the research of obesity and related metabolic diseases due to their function of preventing people from obesity. A lot of studies have revealed that miRNAs play crucial roles in regulating brown adipocyte differentiation and are modulated by lots of transcription factors and environmental factors, which form a complex regulatory network maintaining the homeos- tasis of adipose tissues. In this review, we summarize the latest studies of miRNAs in brown adipocyte differentiation, which might provide new strategies for the treatment of obesity and other related diseases. Keywords: microRNA; brown adipocyte; differentiation 收稿日期: 2014− 10− 19; 修回日期: 2014− 12− 16 基金项目: 转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(编号：