土木工程专业英语Unit 7（2） Underground Works.ppt

7. Why planning is important to a successful tunnel project? Often, a single tunnel will pass through more than one type of material or encounter multiple hazards. Good planning allows engineers to plan for these variations right from the beginning, decreasing the likelihood of an unexpected delay in the middle of the project. II. Translate the following terms into Chinese or English. Registered contractor 土壤稳定工程；加固工程 relieving arch 后备发电机 salt water pumping station 温度传感器 shock load 隧道通风风扇 site investigation 承重剪力墙 amount of compression 深层加固 attitude of stratum 抗震建筑 cased borehole 承压变形 engineering geologic condition 裂隙方向 compaction by driving 打桩机 III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese or English. 1. Thats not to say, of course, that some tunnel projects havent encountered major setbacks. 2. Mine tunnels are not as safe as tunnels designed for permanent occupation, however. 3. They decided that any bridge safe enough to withstand the severe conditions would be too difficult to build. 4. 隧道如何建设很大程度上取决于它必须穿过的地质环境。 5. 工人们随之将场中注满水，使各部件上浮，然后将他们放置在运河的底部。 6. 水下建隧道是在所有环境中最具有挑战性的，它需要运用一种独特的方法，这种方法在地面上无法施行。 IV. Choose the right word to fill in the blanks. Today, the New York City subway system is in the middle of a massive renovation. One of the planned additions is a new tunnel all the way from Long Island to Manhattan.?A tunnel-boring machine (TBM)?will do much of the digging. A TBM is a machine so large that it usually has to be __ in pieces. It uses discs and scrapers to crush and remove rock and debris, creating a tunnel. A conveyor removes this debris from the tunnel so crews can of it. Although it moves slowly, a TBM can dig through both hard?bedrock?and softer