中考英语阅读方法.doc

精品文档 . 阅读方法 理解一篇文章，首先要明白单词意思，然后是句子，然后是文章主题、篇章结构、作者观点，最后是例子、分析等细节。 首先是单词意思，这个只能靠平时积累词汇，但是也不一定要认识文章中的每个单词，不懂的生词可以从上下文推断。但是有些句子，每个单词的意思都知道，整个句子的意思却一点都读不通。或者每个句子大概意思都明白，但是整篇文章却把握不了。这就需要我们掌握正确的阅读方法。 一、句子——长难句分析 文章中出现套了一层甚至两三层的长难句，会非常影响我们的理解。出现长难句的时候，我们不应慌张，只需要冷静分析句子结构，搞清句子成分之间的关系，就能清晰地梳理整个句子的意思。 2011年河南省中考B篇 The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep. ( ) 52. When does the sleeping position best show your secret personality? A. In the daytime. B. At the beginning of sleep. C. At night. D. During the deep sleep. 阅读在句子层面的障碍 1.含义的理解 2.语序的确定 句子 1、简单句 2、复合句 简单句是只有一套主谓结构的句子 简单句是只有一套主谓结构的句子 基本句型5种： 1. SVP 主谓 2. SVi 主系表 3. SV+O 主谓宾 4. SV+O1+O2 主谓双宾 5. SV+O+O2 主谓宾补 基本句型 ＋定语 ＋状语 ＋同位语 ＋插入语 －复杂句 定语从句 1. 关系代词引导定语从句: that, which, who, whom, whose( 其中that, which, who, whom引导的是非完整句, whose 引导的是完整句-主干完整) 2. 关系连词（非关系副词）: when, where, why在句子中不作成分, 引导的是完整句 3. 介词+关系代词（不会相当于关系副词）: in which, on which , with which, 没有in that(这个只能等同于Because)，此关系代词不包括what This is a desk on which there is a book. 跟完整句，相当于状语。 This is Tom with whom I can solve the problem. 非简单句的障碍来源 如何拆解为若干个简单句的集合 按照什么顺序来理解拆解后的简单句集 非简单句的障碍解决方案 找关联词 关联词 连词 关系代词 标点符号 ——冒号和句号 The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep. 2011年河南省中考 A篇 When my son, Mark, was in the third grade, he saved all his pocket money for over three months to buy holiday presents. When you help others, I know you will feel as good about it as I do now. I would like to say thank you to that very kind woman, and tell her that four years later, Mark went house to house collecting blankets (毯子) and clothes for the homeless people in the fire. 2011年河南省中考B篇 Everyone has got two personalities (性格) —the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don’t show your secret personality when you’re awake because you can control yourself, but when you’re asleep, your sleeping position sho