中考英语定语从句详解与练习牛津深圳版.docx

小学+初中+高中 定语从句 【学习目标】1、能辨认出由 who, that 或 which 引导的限制性定语从句，并能理解句子的意思。 2、能够在具体语境中正确使用由 who, that 或 which 引导的限制性定语从句。 【学习重点】能辨认出由 who, that 或 which 引导的限制性定语从句。 【学习难点】当 who, which 或 that 在定语从句中作动词的宾语时可以省略。 【学习过程】 I 课前预习 （一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的 man 和 everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词 that, which, who(宾格 whom,) 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 （二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who 指人，在从句中做主语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略。 (2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that 指人时，相当于 who 或者 whom；指物时，相当于 which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 【总结】： 一、 关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、等句子成分，且作宾语时可以省略。如： 代替人 主语 who 宾语 whom／who 代替物 which which 代替人或物 that that This is the doctor who came from London. The book which／that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy. 二、使用关系代词时应注意以下几点： 小学+初中+高中 小学+初中+高中 1．如果先行词是 all， anything， something， nothing， everything， little， none 等不定 代词，关系代词一般只用 that，不用 which。 例如：All that are present burst into tears. 2．如果先行词被形容词最高级以及 first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very 等词修 饰，关系代词常用 that， 不用 which。 例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 3．先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词应该用 that。 例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. II 交流展示、教师点拨 i 填入恰当的引导词。 The house __________ we live in is very big. The boy __________ is wearing the black jacket is very clever. This is the present ________ he gave me for my birthday. The man __________ talk