现在完成时 和现在完成进行时.ppt

现在完成时 现在完成时 1. 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2. 过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态 动词构成： have/has+v 过去分词 have breakfast I have just had my breakfast. ( 现在我不饿 ) Im not hungry now moved here in 2000 I still live here I have lived here for three years. I have lived here since 2000/three years ago. Pay attention 注意 1. 现在完成时句中常见的时间状语 A. 表示从过去一直持续到现在 , 不能是具体过去时间 ( 1) . for + 表示 一段 时间的短语 ( 2). since + 表示 过去时间点 的词语 ( 3). since + 表示过去时间的时间状语 从句 eg.I have been a teacher ______ a year. He has been at this school _______ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _______ we came to this school. for since since 不能是具体过去时间 B. just,already,yet,before/ ever,never 有此类副词时 , 常强调动作完成 , 不强调动作的持续 . eg.Have you _____been to Japan? I have _____ finished my homework. I have finished my homework ______ . I havent finished my homework ____ . ever just already yet ? .2 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的 影响或结果 , 常与一些时间状语 , 如 :already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice 等连用，也可以和包括现在在内的时 间状语，如 these days, today, this year, so far 等连用。 ? 3. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间 在内的时间状语连用 , 如 up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far 等 : ? Peter has written six papers so far. Up to the present everything has been successful. 现在完成时的 未完成用法 ? 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延 续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。这里的 动词要用持续性动词。常与 for （ + 时间 段） ,since （ + 时间点）连用 . Mary has been ill for three days. ? Mary has been ill since three days ago. 2. 区分 短暂性动词 与 持续性动词 . 表示短暂性 ( 瞬间性 ) 的动词在现在完成时的句中 不能 和 一段时间 连用 . 即 for,since 短语或 how long 问句 I have bought this pen for two months. The play has begun for an hour. Tom has joined the army for five years. The dog has died for a month. I have come here for forty days . come/arrive go out leave begin buy borrow join die catch a cold be be out be away (from) be on have keep be a member of be dead have a cold ? 现在完成时所表明的 是