基于PLC的锅炉控制系统研究.docx

PAGE ii 基于PLC的锅炉控制系统研究 Research on boiler control system based on PLC 摘 要 锅炉作为一种能源转换设备在如今各类工业生产中起到了非常重要的作用，成为不可或缺的组成设备之一。现在面临的问题是锅炉本身和控制系统已经不能满足现代化工业发展的需求。我国工业基础相对落后，大多数中小型锅炉，实际上仍旧采用的是仪表、继电器控制形式，有的甚至还停留在人工操作阶段，自动化水平落后，因此控制精度和安全性均不能满足现代工业生产的需求。锅炉是一个多变量输入输出的控制系统，控制精度和自动化水平是衡量锅炉性能的重要参数，拥有较高的控制精度和自动化控制水平，意味着能源的高效利用和资源的节约，同样对锅炉的安全稳定性有着重要的意义。 本论文以蒸发量1t/h中小型锅炉作为研究对象，综合锅炉的工作原理和实践可行性，设计一套基于PLC的蒸汽锅炉自动控制系统。 关键词：锅炉 控制 PLC  Abstract As a kind of energy conversion equipment, boilers are very important components in all kinds of industrial enterprises nowadays. With the rapid development of modern industry, the boiler itself and control system have also been improved correspondingly. However, the industrial base of our country is relatively backward. Most small and medium sized boilers, in fact, are still used in the form of instrument and relay control, and some even still remain in the stage of manual operation, the level of automation is backward, Therefore, the accuracy and safety of control can not meet the needs of industrial production.As a multivariable input and output control system, improving the precision and automation level of its control is not only to improve the conversion of energy and the rational utilization of resources, but also to the safety and reliability of the boiler. This paper takes the small and medium boiler of 1t/h as the research object, and combines the working principle and practical feasibility of the boiler, and designs a set of automatic control system of steam boiler based on PLC. Keywords: oiler control PLC 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 摘 要 i Abstract ii 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题研究背景和意义 1 1.2 工业锅炉控制系统的发展历程: 2 1.3 我国工业锅炉发展现状： 3 2 蒸汽锅炉的组成 4 2.1 蒸汽锅炉结构图 4 2.2 锅炉辅助设备： 4 2.2.1 燃料供应设备 4 2.2.2 送、引风设备 4 2.2.3 除灰渣设备 5 2.2.4 汽、水系统设备 5 2.2.5 烟气净化系统设备 5 2.2.6 仪表及自动控制系统设备 5 3 控制任务分析 6 4 现场仪表选型 8 4.1 PLC的选择 8 4.2 变频器的选择 10 4.3 传感器的选择 11 4.3.1 锅炉水位传感器 11 4.3.2 温度传感器 13 4.3.3 压力传感器 15 5 锅炉控制系统设