名词性从句精讲精析.doc

学习必备 欢迎下载 名词性从句精讲精析 —— 主语从句、宾语从句、 表语从句、同位语从句 名词性从句是由 if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句（ what， 学习必备 欢迎下载 which， who，whose；when，where， how，wh 等），其功能同名词一样。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语 it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 It 作形式主语和 it 引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句， 主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。 而 it 引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强 调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。 学习必备 欢迎下载 被强调部分指人是也可用 who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn ’tgo to see the film. It doesn’tinterest me whether you succed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that/who broke the window. 学习必备 欢迎下载 it It is It is a fact that It is an honor that It is common knowledge that It is It is natural that It is strange that It is obvious that It is important that 学习必备 欢迎下载 It is necessary that It is It seems that It happened that It appears that / It is It is reported that It ’s said that It ’s believed that It ’s hoped that 学习必备 欢迎下载 It ’s thought that 人们认为 It ’s announced that It has been proved that  据宣布 已证实 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 It is said , (reported) 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.(right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(wrong) 学习必备 欢迎下载 It happens ,It occurs 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the exami-nation. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) It doesn’tmatter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesn’tmatter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’tmatter. (wrong) 学习必备 欢迎下载 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) What 与 that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成 分，如主语、宾语、表语， 而 that 则充当任何成分。例如： What you said yesterday is right. That she is still alive is a consolation(安慰 ). 学习必备 欢迎下载 二．宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词 （及物动词）或介词之后 。 作动词的宾语 由 that 引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略） , 例如： I heard that he joined the army. 学习必备 欢迎下载 (2) 由 what, whether (if) 引导的宾语