语法知识盘点之句子种类和成分.pptx

第 11 讲句子种类和成分一、完成句子，每空一词1．—________ ________ (你) often exercise?Doyou—Yes.What2．—________ (什么) are you doing here? —We are practicing a new show.3 ．________ ( 不要) tell me the same story any more.I don'tDon'twant to listen to it again.Whata4．________ ________ (多么) great change it is!5．—Is he Jim ________ (还是) Tom? —I think he's Tom.or二、单句改错1．He didn't do anything about it, didn't he？______________didn't he→did he2．Howfinished？longwillthebuildingbeHow long→How soon_______________________What→Why3．What does he want to be a pilot? ____________4．What a beautiful it is！______________5．I don't think she's that young, do I？______________What a→Howdo I→isn't she2010－2012 年广东省卷考点一览表年份考点题型分值2012反意疑问句单项填空(43)12011反意疑问句单项填空(36)12010反意疑问句单项填空(38)1特殊疑问句的引导词(howsoon)单项填空(40)1句子种类一般疑问句1．把 be 动词、助动词、情态动词置于句首。2．直接用 yes 或 no 来回答。3．如果提问人对答案没有肯定或否定的意向，句中常用非肯定词。如：Are there any trees in the garden？院子里有树吗？如果提问人希望得到肯定的回答，则句中常用肯定词。如：Would you like some drink？你想喝点什么吗？特殊疑问句特殊疑问句是用疑问代词或疑问副词提问的句子，不用 yes或 no 回答，而是根据具体情况进行回答。1．疑问词作句子的宾语、状语、表语或修饰这三种成分时，用“疑问词＋一般疑问句”结构。如： How did you come here？你怎么来这里的？2．疑问词作主语或主语的定语时，用陈述句语序。如：Whose father works in Shanghai?谁的父亲在上海工作？3．特殊疑问词有：when, where, what, who, whom, whose,which, why, how, how many, how much, how soon, how often,how old 等。选择疑问句由“一般疑问句＋or＋供选择的部分”构成，不能用 yes或 no 来回答。如：—Is it the name of a book or a movie?它是一本书还是一部电影的名字？—It's the name of a book.它是一本书的名字。反意疑问句1．构成：陈述句＋简略问句遵循原则：前肯定，后否定；前否定，后肯定。 简略问句的主语与陈述句的主语保持一致，且只能用相应的人称代词(there 除外)。简略问句的谓语动词也与陈述句的谓语保持一致；如果是否定，一定要用缩写。如：Your brother went home, didn't he?你哥哥回家了，是吗？There are many flowers in the box, aren't there?盒子里有很多花，是吗？ 2．陈述句用“I'm...”结构时，简略问句一般用“aren't I”。 3．陈述句中有 little, few, no, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等表示否定意义的词时，简略问句用肯定形式。如：There is little milk in the bottle, is there?瓶子里没多少牛奶了，是吗？ 4．陈述句主语为不定代词 nothing, something, anything 时，简略问句的主语用代词 it；陈述句主语为不定代词 everyone, noone, someone, everybody, nobody, anybody 时，简略问句的主语常用代词 they，有时也用 he。 5．陈述句的主语是指示代词 this 或 that 时，简略问句的主语用 it；陈述句的主语是 these 或 those 时