翻译课件整理及翻译理论知识.doc

PAGE 78 The selection of word meanings （一）according to the parts of speech E: Like charges repel; unlike charges attract. C: 相同的电荷相斥，不同的电荷相吸。 like: 相同的 adjective (2) E: He likes mathematics more than physics. C:他喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理学。 like: 喜欢 verb (3) E: In the sunbeam passing through the window there are fine grains of dust shining like gold. C: 在射入窗内的阳光里，细微的尘埃像金子一般在闪闪发亮。 like: 像 preposition (4) E: Like knows like. C: 英雄识英雄。 like: 同样的人或物；英雄 noun （二）according to the context and the collocation of words Last: (1) E: He is the last man to come. C: 他是最后来的。 (2) E: He is the last man to do it. C: 他决不会干那件事。 (3) E: He is the last person for such a job. C: 他最不配干这个工作。 (4) E: He should be the last (man) to blame. C: 怎么也不该怪他。 (5) E: He is the last man to consult. C: 根本不宜找他商量。 (6) E: This is the last place where I expected to meet you. C: 我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。 Take off: E: To take off her boots or to put them on was an agony to her, but it had been an agony for years. C: 脱鞋或穿鞋对她是一种痛苦，但这已是多年以来的痛苦了。 (2) E: He always sits on the very edge of his chair when he is working, as though about to take off. C: 他工作的时候，总是坐在椅子边上，好像随时都会跳起身来的样子。 E: Their first major design was a pleated denim jean with external pockets dubbed “baggies” that took off in high schools and colleges and soon was imitated by other apparel manufacturers. C: 他们的头一项重要设计是一种打褶的、缝上明袋的蓝色斜纹粗布裤，这种裤子人们称为“袋子”，在中学和大学中首先流行，接着别的服装商店也都很快仿制起来。 The extension of word meanings （一）abstracting the word meanings 1. 将表示具体形象的词译成该形象所代表的属性的词 (1) E: There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of the imperialists. C: 帝国主义者的性格既残暴，又狡猾。 (2) E: Every life has its roses and thorns. C: 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。 2. 将带有特征性形象的词译成该形象所代表的概念的词 (1) E: See-sawing between partly good and faintly ominous, the news for the next four weeks was never distinct. C: 在那以后的四个星期内，消息时而部分有所好转，时而又有点不妙，两种情况不断地交替出现，一直没有明朗化。 （二）concretizing the w