必修4unit1语法主谓一致 我自己用的.docVIP

PAGE 1 主谓一致 Subject—Verb Agreement 主谓一致指的是谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，关键在于对谓语动词的考察。该语法点常在单项选择，完型填空及改错中出现。 主谓一致四大原则 语法一致原则：即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。（即单复数形式与谓语要一致。） 例：I am a teacher They are students 意义一致原则：即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。（即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。） 例：The family is the tiniest cell of the society. The family are all fond of football. 那一家人都喜欢足球. 就近原则：即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。 例：Not only you but also he is wrong. 随前原则（就远原则）：“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语与主语一致 例：The teacher with two students ______ at the meeting . 一、语法一致原则 1、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数 1. A student studying English. 2 .Serving the people my great happiness. 注意：但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是 “be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。 1.)What you did right. 2.)What you need these dictionaries. 复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式 ① All the students _____clever. ②They _____English very much. 用and或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。 ① Both my father and my mother ____farmers. ②What I think and what I do _ __been fairly in disagreement. ★易错 注意:(1.)当and连接的并列单数名词前有each，every, no或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。 Each student and each teacher _ _been given a task. Every flower and every bush ___to be cut down. (2.)当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。 The worker and writer __ __from Wuhan. The worker and the writer _____ from Beijing. 不定代词：somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing 4、不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式; Something ____ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch. Anybody who _______ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished. 5、★易错“many a +单数名词，more than one+单数名词，one and a half +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数 1.) many a foreigner___ been to the Great Wall. 2.)More than one student___ turned up at the meeting. 3.) One a