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语法英语第十章-非谓语动词;非谓语动词;; 一、 动词不定式 (两个动词之间用“to”连接)
(一)构成: to + 动词原形
(二)用法:
1.做主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy .
= It’s not easy to learn a foreign language .
2.做宾语
They all wanted to see you yesterday.
3.做宾语补足语 He wants you to call him back.
I found it important to learn.
4.做定语
I want to go to the shop to buy something .
5.做状语
They ran over to welcome us.
6. 做表语
My job is to teach him English.
;(三) 动词后面+to ,常用的词有:
想/乐意 want / would like to do
叫(告诉)某人 ask / tell (told ) sb (not ) to do
开始 begin( began ) / start to do
决定 decide to do
设法 try to do
记得(忘记) remember / forget (forgot ) to do
希望 hope to do
计划 plan to do
Eg. I would like to help you .
He asked us not to talk in class.
I hope to see you again .
Don’t forget to bring your book here.
;(四)特殊疑问词+ to do ( why 除外)
eg. I don’t know where to go
Can you tell me how to do it = what to do
We don’t know which book to choose . ;(六) 省略to的动词不定式:
(1)情态动词(除ought外)。
(2)使役动词let, have, make等。
(3)感官动词see, watch, look at, notice, observe,
hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。
注:在被动语态中to不能省略。
如:I saw him dance. 我看见他在跳舞。
He was seen to dance. 他跳舞被人看见了。
(4)would rather, had better。
(5)Why...?/Why not...?
(6)help可带to,也可不带to, help sb. (to) do sth.。
(7)but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的
动词用不带to的动词不定式。
(8)由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去。
;(七) 固定句型 ( it ……… to do)
1.是干…的时候了 It’s time for sb to do sth
= It’s time for sb for sth
It’s time for us to have lunch
= it’s time for us for lunch
2. 花某人时间干某事 It takes (took )sb time to do sth
It takes him an hour to do homework every day.
It will take us half a day to get there tomorrow.
3. 做….怎么样?
It is + 形容词 + to do sth
It is im
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