英汉词汇现象的对比-词序.ppt

汉英对比;汉英思维方式对比;二、 英语: 先概括后分解、先表态后叙事、先总结后事例、先整体后细节，由果到因、由小到大等。 汉语:按时间顺序和逻辑发展关系由先到后、由因到果、由假设到推论、由事实到论证，习惯于问题解决型模式(Problem-solution Pattern) 。;例如：;I strongly believe that it’s in the interests Of my countrymen that China should remain an active and energetic power in global economic matters. 在全球经济事务中，中国应继续保持一个积极而充满活力的力量，我坚信这是符合我国利益的。 ;英汉词汇现象的对比---词义;部分对应造成翻译时的选择，如： Late in the morning 接近晌午 Early in the morning 一大早 而mid-morning 等最好用时间表示： Mid morning 上午十点左右 Mid-afternoon 下午三、四点 In the middle of next week: 下周三前后;英汉词语不对应 (words without correspondence ): Teenager: 13至19岁的青少年 Clock-watcher: 老是看钟等下班的人 Prey: 被捕食的动物 Dink=double income no kids 丁克家族 ;英汉词汇现象的对比---词序;主语的确立;直接用原文的主语 如果不适当地处理，锅炉及机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空气污染。 Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities. 替换主语以符合英语表达 1.鲁迅的骨头是最硬的，他没有丝毫的奴颜和媚骨，这是殖民地半殖民地人民最可宝贵的性格。 Lu Hsun was a man of unyielding integrity, free from all sycophancy－拍马屁，奉承 or obsequiousness-谄媚; this quality is invaluable among colonial and semi-colonial people.;;;;谓语的确立;注意谓语动词的选择的准确性 如： 1）中央政府不干预香港特别行政区的事务。 The central government has never intervened in the affairs of the HKSAR. 2）中国经济将融入世界经济的大潮。 The economy of China will converge with that of the world. (merge into意为消没在。。。之中，不恰当) 3）新的景点不断出现，观光人数不断增加，地区经济也有了很大发展。 The emergence of one new scenic spot after another and the influx of more and more tourists have also boosted the economy.;;;;状语的位置; Then with a bag of toys and books we walked across the garden in the gray light of the dawn. 我们提着一口袋玩具和书籍，在晨曦??穿过了花园。;;;On the floor were piles of old books and newspaper. 地板上堆放着旧书和报纸。 On a hill in front of our school stood a great shopping mall. 我们学校前面的小山上有一个规模很大的购物中心。 Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken. 爆炸的威力如此之大，所有的窗户都震破了。 Young as she is, she has seen much of the world. 她年纪轻轻，可见过不少世面。;句法现象的对比;句序（复合句中主、从句顺序） 时间顺序： 英，灵活；汉，先发生先叙述 I went out for a walk after I had my dinner. The government would wait a month or two before deciding their