中学生英语词汇辨析.docx

中学生英语词汇辨析2020.4 back ［误］ Im sorry. I have to back home. ［正］ Im sorry. I have to go back home. ［正］ Im sorry. I have to go home. ［析］ back用作回到(某处)之意，不是动词。 be ［误］ Where do you from? ［正］ Where are you from? ［析］ 你从何处来应为Where are you from?或Where do you come from? 但要注意这两句话均是问对方从哪个国家来的。要是口语中问你是从什么地方来?应讲Where did you come from? 回答用I came from the library. beat ［误］ We have won your class. ［正］ We have beaten your class. ［正］ We have won the game. ［析］ win是胜过之意，它是及物动词，但其后的宾语只能接比赛、战争、奖品、奖金的名称，如：Which team won the football match? 而beat指打败对手、敌人……如：My brother beat me at poker.(要注意的是，beat的过去式与原形相同，而过去分词为beaten)。 ［误］ The ball beat me badly. ［正］ The ball hit me badly. ［误］ He used to hit the little boy black and blue. ［正］ He used to beat the little boy black and blue. ［析］ beat指打击多次，而hit则为击中对方的一次性打击。 beautiful ［误］ He is a beautiful boy. ［正］ He is a handsome boy. ［析］ 我们可以讲She is a beautiful girl. This is a beautiful park. 但要讲男人的英俊时要用handsome. because ［误］ The reason why I was late is because I was ill. ［正］ The reason why I was late is that I was ill. ［误］ Because it was Sunday, so the park was crowded. ［正］ Because it was Sunday the park was crowded. ［析］ 这种错误是因为中文的习惯与英语的表述法不同，中文常讲我来晚了的原因是因为我病了，而英文中的第二个因为要用that代替。又因中文常讲因为……所以……，而英文中用了因为就不能再用所以了，同样用了所以也就不要再用因为一词。例如：Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. 或者：We study hard so we passed the exam easily. because because of because后要接从句，例如：We like physics because we can learn a lot of new ideas. 而because of后要接名词作介词宾语，如：He is not at school because of the illness. before ［误］ We have two hours to kill before we will go home. ［正］ We have two hours to kill before we go home. ［析］ kill time意为消磨时光。 英语状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如：If it rains we will not go to the park. ［误］ I did this work two days before. ［正］ I did this work two days ago. ［析］ 用ago组成的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词要用过去时，而before引起的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词多用完成时，如：I has done this work a few days before. before long long before before long是不久之意，例如：I shall go to America before long. 而long before则是很久很久之意，如：We knew th