学术英语abstract写作.pptVIP

学术英语abstract写作 摘要的内容 内容通常包括： 背景知识或文献回顾（Background Information/Literature Review） 研究的主要目的和范围（Principal Purpose） What is the problem to be solved? What has been done? What are the results? 研究方法（Methodology） 研究的主要结果（Results） 结论和建议（Conclusions, Recommendation, Implication） 要写好英文摘要，作者必须回答好以下几个问题：　　1) 本文的目的或要解决的问题(What I want to do?)　　2) 解决问题的方法及过程(How I did it?)　　3) 主要结果及结论(What results did I get and what conclusions can I draw)　　4) 本文的创新、独到之处(What is new and original in this paper?) Notes The Abstract should never give any information or conclusion that is not stated in the paper. · The language should be familiar to the potential reader. · Omit obscure abbreviations. · Write the paper before you write the abstract. Sample: Feedback and assessment play an important role in teaching and learning of oral presentation skills. This study describes the implementation and evaluation of an innovative instruction that uses a Student Response System for peer assessment of oral presentations. A large number of oral presentations were assessed and students’ perceptions and learning progress concerning the particular instructional approach were investigated. Results showed that the Student Response System was an effective way to produce feedback for presenters, assessors and educators. Results also revealed a very positive students’ attitude towards the instructional format. The learning effect concerning assessment was rather limited. Further research is needed to come to conclusive statements about the latter. background what method results recommendation The harm of smoking has long been studied by researchers and many people are aware that second-hand smoke is harmful to nonsmokers, especially children. This study seeks to identify tobacco toxins that are invisible and its focus is on the risks those chemicals pose to infants and children. In this research, the term “third-hand smoke” was