讲义教程案例waterway engineering chapter1.pptx

WATERWAY ENGINEERING Xi Li Associate Professor College of Harbor, Offshore and Coastal Engineering HOhai University May, 2020 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose 1.2 Background 1.3 National defense 1.4 Economic value to the nation 1.5 Project responsibilities 1.6 Scope 1.1 Purpose This manual provides an overview of the design process and operation of deep-draft navigation projects. Ship Channel design and operation 1.1 Purpose The manual covers channel design practice, dredging and disposal, construction practices, operation activities, environmental considerations, and contributions of the United States Coast Guard and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to navigation. 1.2 Background Ship channels are the connecting link between the ocean shipping lanes and coastal or inland deep-water ports. 1.2 Background The ship channel also could wind its way up a major river. 1.3 National defense Ship channels provide the vital link between the home port and the vessel operation in the open ocean. 1.4 Economic value to the nation More than 95% of imported and exported goods and from overseas move by ship. The U.S. marine transportation industry supports nearly $1 trillion in commerce and 13 million jobs. The unit cost to transport commodities over inland waterways is two to three times lower than that of other forms of transportation. More than 67% of all consumer goods purchased by Americans passed through U.S. harbors. Example: the Port of Houston, Texas. 1.5 Project Responsibilities The major entities in design and operation of the deep-draft system: U.S. Army Crops of Engineers—channel design, construction, and maintenance. U.S. Coast Guard—safety issues, aids to navigation, accident assessments, search and rescue, and vessel traffic control at some projects. NOAA—charts, global positioning systems (GPS), and weather forecasts. Ports Authorities—design ,operation, and maintenance of port facilities. Users—ship owne