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Chapter16
AustraliaGeographyHistory
GeographyLocationandSizeGeographicRegionsClimateMajorCities
LocationSizeSize—Withatotalareaof7.7millionsquarekilometers,Australiaisthesixthlargestcountryintheworld,afterRussia,Canada,China,theU.S.andBrazilLocation—AustralialiesintheSouthernHemisphere,betweentheIndianOceanandthePacificOcean.Thecountryissurroundedbyseaonallsides
GeographicRegion
WesternPlateautheEasternHighlandsCentral-EasternLoelands
MountKosciuszko(科修斯科山)
SouthwestinCanberraofnewsouthwalesThehighestpointinAustraliaandOceania2228metersabovesealevelPolandexplorerschmitz,laikayfoundthemountainin1839,andthepolishheronamedafter(1746-1817).
Murray-DarlingBasin
(墨累达令流域)3370kilometerslong,watershedcoversone7ofthelandareaofAustralia,isAustraliasmostimportantagriculturalarea.Thenameofthisriverbasinisfromthebasinstwomajorrivers,theMurrayanddarlingrivers.
LakeEyre(艾尔湖)ThelowestpointinthecountrySome12metersbelowsealevel
Climate1、SouthernHemisphereJanuaryandFebruaryarethehottestsummermonthsJuneandJulyarethecoldestwintermonths2、Varygreatlyfromregiontoregiontropicalarea—hotallyearwithoutwintertemperateregionsofthesouth:enjoyamoderateclimate,withhotsummersandmildwintersThecoldestareasarethehighlandsandplateausofTasmaniaandthesoutheasternportionofthemainland.
Climate3、AustraliaiswidelyknownastheDryContinentduetoitslowrainfall.ThearidityofAustraliastemsfromitsproximitytotheequator.4、ThehotanddryconditionsofAustraliabringaboutrecurringdroughtsacrossthecountry.The1895to1903droughtisconsideredAustralisworstdraughtintermsofseverityandscale.
Canberra:BetweenSydneyandMelbourn.ThenameCanberraoriginallymeansmeetingplaceintheAboriginallanguageSydney:thecapita
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