原创力文档- 1、本文档共24页，可阅读全部内容。
- 2、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。
- 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
专题08阅读回答问题（精选期中真题，15篇）（解析版）
一、任务型阅读
（23-24八年级·上海徐汇·期中）Answerthequestions(根据短文内容回答下列问题).
Inthe1800s,thesteamlocomotive(蒸汽火车头)wasconsideredbymanytobeasymbolofthenewIndustrialAge.Itwas,infact,oneofthemostimportantinventionsofthetime.Overtheyears,therehavebeenmanychangestothelocomotive.Oneofthemostimportanthasbeenitssourceofpower.
Thefirstrailroadsusedhorsesforpower,butthedevelopmentofthesteamlocomotivemaderailroadsapracticalwayoftransportation.Thefirststeamlocomotivewasbuiltin1804inBritainbyRichardTrevithick.Itcouldpull50,000pounds,butitwasnotverysuccessfulbecauseitwassoheavythatitcausedtherailstofallapart.However,itencouragedotherengineerstotrytobuildsteamlocomotives.TwoofthemostimportantmentoacceptthechallengewereGeorgeStephensonandhisson,Robert.Robertoncewonacontesttobuildthebestlocomotive.TheRocket,ashecalledit,hadanaveragespeedof20milesperhour,andthetopspeedwas29milesperhour.
InAmerica,developmentsinsteamengineswereclosebehindthoseoftheBritish.In1830,PeterCooper’stinylocomotive,calledTomThumb,lostafamousraceagainstahorse-drawncoach.AlthoughPeterCopperfailed,itstillmaderailroadofficialsbelievethatsteampowerwasmorepracticalthanhorsepower.
Justbeforetheturnofthecentury,theelectriclocomotivebecamewidelyinuse.Itsmostsuccessfulperiodwasthe1940swhenU.S.railroadshad2,400milesofelectricroutes.
Thediesel(柴油)locomotivewasinventedinthe1890sbyRudolfDiesel,aGermanengineer.Thepowerofthislocomotivecamefromadieselfuelengine.Thediesellocomotiveisstillinusetoday.Itcostsabouttwiceasmuchasasteamlocomotivetobuildbutitismuchcheapertooperate.
1．Thesteamlocomotivewasoneofthemostimportantinventionsinthe1800s,wasn’tit?
文档评论（0）