《毕业设计：基于Matlab_Simulink的机械振动仿真研究》.doc

目 录 1引言——机械振动的仿真原理 1 1.1 Matlab Simulink功能简述 1 1.2机械振动的物理模型 1 1.2.1简谐振动的物理模型 1 1.2.2阻尼振动的物理模型 2 1.2.3受迫振动的物理模型 2 1.3 Matlab Simulink仿真原理简述 4 2简谐振动方程的解及其模拟仿真 5 2.1简谐振动方程的求解 5 2.2简谐振动模型的仿真研究 5 2.2.1基本模型的建立 5 2.2.2 速度、加速度的监测 7 2.2.3 动能、势能、机械能监测 8 2.3简谐振动的图像分析 9 3阻尼振动方程的求解和仿真模拟 11 3.1弹簧振子做阻尼振动方程的求解 11 3.2弹簧振子做阻尼振动的模拟仿真研究 11 3.3阻尼振动的图像分析 14 4受迫振动的方程的求解和仿真模拟 16 4.1弹簧振子做受迫振动方程的求解 16 4.2弹簧振子做受迫振动的仿真模拟研究 17 4.2.1策动力频率时弹簧振子的受迫振动仿真模拟 17 4.2.2策动力频率时弹簧振子受迫振动的仿真模拟 20 4.2.3策动力频率时弹簧振子的仿真模拟 22 4.3受迫振动的图像分析 23 5几点补充说明与仿真模拟中问题分析 25 5.1物理振动模型建立的补充说明 25 5.2 方程求解中的补充说明 25 5.3 仿真模拟中的问题分析 25 6结语 27 参考文献 28 附录 29 致谢 30  摘 要 机械振动主要有简谐振动，阻尼振动，受迫振动三种。对三种振动建立模型，列出振动方程，再对三种振动给定初始条件，就可以利用Matlab Simulink功能对三种振动进行仿真模拟，得出振动的位移，速度，加速度，动能，势能，机械能随时间的变化关系图像。另外，我们对振动方程求解，得出振子位移关于时间的函数，再分别对其求一阶、二阶导数，就可以得出速度、加速度函数，再经过简单运算就可以得到动能、势能、机械能函数。我们再通过分析函数来分析其图像，再对比仿真模拟出的图像，就可以确定我们的仿真研究方法的可信度。  Abstract The mechanical vibration mainly includes three kinds of vibrations: the simple harmonic oscillator, the pure damping vibration and the forced damping vibration. According to the three vibrations, we can build models for them, list the vibration equations. After giving the initial conditions, we can carry out analog simulations to test the three vibrations by using Matlab Simulink functions, and obtain the images of vibration displacement, velocity, acceleration, kinetic energy, potential energy, mechanical energy variation over time. In addition, we come to the function of oscillator displacement over time after we seek the solution of equations. And then we can gain the derivatives of their first order and second order respectively, so we can draw functions of speed and acceleration. Furthermore, we can get the functions of kinetic energy, potential energy, mechanical energy by a simple operation. Let us analyze the images by analyzing the functions, and then we make a comparison between the images of analog simulations and them. Finally, we can determine the credibility of the simulation methodology. Keywords