义乌市4～14岁儿童慢性鼻及鼻窦疾病流行病学特征研究.doc

义乌市4～14岁儿童慢性鼻及鼻窦疾病流行病学特征研究【摘要】 目的 了解义乌市4～14岁儿童慢性鼻及鼻窦疾病流行病学特征，分析其相关危险因素。方法 2006年3-9月，选择义乌市8所幼儿园和小学的4～14岁儿童3 919名为调查对象，采用自行设计的义乌市儿童鼻腔鼻窦疾病问卷调查表及耳鼻咽喉科专业检查方法进行筛检。结果 儿童慢性鼻、鼻窦炎现患率为36.72%(1 439/3 919)，其中男童为36.14%(742/2 053)，女童为37.35%(697/1 866)，男、女童发病率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.565，P0.05)。鼻塞症状为80.16%，流涕症状为65.71%，头痛症状为39.76%，慢性鼻及鼻窦炎合并支气管哮喘、支气管炎、咽部症状分别为0.82%，23.54%和44.36%。结论 义乌市4～14岁儿童慢性鼻和鼻窦炎患病率较高，应积极开展防治工作。 【关键词】 鼻疾病；鼻窦疾病；患病率；流行病学因素 【中图分类号】 R 179 R 765.21 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2007)12-1101-02 Epidemiological Features of Chronic Nasosinusitis Among Children Aged 4-14 in Yiwu/LOU Zheng-cai?*，LOU Zi-han，LOU Peng. ?* Department of Otorhinolaryngology，Yiwu Central Hospital，Yiwu(322000)，Zhejiang Province，China 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the epidemical features of pediatric chronic nasosinusitis and the correlative risk factors in Yiwu. Methods By randomized cluster sampling，from Mar to Sep in 2006 in Yiwu，3 919 primary school children aged 4-14 from seven schools were investigated about chronic nasosinusitis and paranasal sinus diseases with a self-filed questionnaire combining with confirmation from doctors’ examination. Results Prevalence of chronic nasosinusitis in children was 36.72%(1 439/3 919) in Yiwu. However，there was no statistical difference of prevalence between girls(36.14%) and boys(37.35%).About 80.16% chronic nasosinusitis children suffered snuffling，65.71% suffered sniveling and 39.76% suffered headache. Percentage of asthma，bronchitis，and pharyngitis among chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) children were 0.82%，23.54% and 44.36%.Conclusion Prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) is high in Yiwu children.Hence，strategy of prevention and treatment of CRS should be practiced. 【Key words】 Nose diseases；Paranasal sinus disease；Prevalence；Epidemiologic factors 研究儿童慢性鼻及鼻窦炎的患病情况，掌握相应的科学数据和资料，探讨其流行和变化的规律，并通过实施行之有效的健康促进干预措施，降低患病率，是预防医学和临床医学工作者义不容辞的责任。笔者于2006年3-9月对义乌市4～14岁儿童进行了慢性鼻及鼻窦炎患病率及鼻相关疾病流行病学调查，现报道如下。 1 对象与方法 1.1 对象 选取义乌市具有一定代表性、生源相对集中、学生同龄人数最多的城区和农村