毕节地区烤烟轮作玉米半免耕栽培技术机理分析.pdfVIP

安徽农业科学，JournalofAnhuiAgri．Sci．2012，40(5)：2582—2583。2586 责任编辑 姜丽 责任校对 卢瑶 毕节地区烤烟轮作玉米半免耕栽培技术机理分析 彭永贤，龙庭友 (毕节职业技术学院，贵州毕节551700) 摘要 [目的]探讨贵州毕节地区农业生产过程 中烤烟轮作玉米(ZeamaysL．)半免耕栽培机理。[方法]调查半免耕栽培下玉米的出苗 情况、出苗整齐度 、苗长势、生产成本、产量和效益，并将其与传统栽培和育苗移栽种植方式进行比较。[结果]半免耕种植技术机理：改 善土壤结构；提高作物抗旱能力；节约用肥；出苗早，且苗齐、苗匀、苗壮；减少病虫害；提高抗倒伏能力。在旱灾年份，能实现玉米稳产和 稳收。[结论]烤烟轮作玉米半免耕栽培种植技术简单，操作方便，生产者容易掌握，具有很强的适应性，在贵州毕节烟区在烟水配套工 程未全部实施前可适当推广和普及 。 关键词 烤烟轮作玉米；半免耕栽培技术；机理；贵州毕节地区 中图分类号 $504．8 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517—661l(2012)05—02582—02 MechanismAnalys~ofHalf-tillageCultivationTechnologyofMaize(ZeamaysL．)PlantingafterFlue-curedTobaccoinBijieArea， Guizhou PENGYong-xianetal (BijieVocationalandTechnicalCollege，Bijie，Guizhou551700) Abstract [Objective]Theaimwastodiscussthemechanismofhalf-tillagecultivationtechnologyofmaizeplnatingafterflue—curedtobacco duringagriculturalproductioninBijieArea，Guizhou．[Method]Theseedlingemergencesituation，theuniformityofseedling，growthvigorof seedling，productioncost，yieldandbenefitofmaizeplnatingbyhalf-tillagecultivationwereinvestigated，andcomparedthemwiththeothertwo plantingwaysoftraditioncultivationandraisingseedlingandtransplnating．[Result]Thetechnologicalmechanismofhalf-tillagecultivationwas asfollows：Improvingsoilstructure；Increasingdroughtresistancecapabilityofcrops；Savingamountofapplyingfertilizer；Sproutingearlier，and seedlingorder，fullandstrong；Decreasingplantdiseasesandinsectpests；Increasinglodgingresistnacecapability．Itmademaizestableyield nadharvestindroughtyears．[Conclusion]Half-tillagecultivationtechnoloyg ofmaizeplantingafterflue-curedtobaccohascharacteristicsof simple，convenientoperation，easilymasteringforproducer，andstrongadaptbaility，cansuitbalyspreadandpopularizeinBijieAreaofGuizhou beforeirrigationsupportingprojectsoftobaccofieldcarriesoutcompletely． ． Keywords Plantingmaizeafterflue—curedtobacco；Half-tillagecultivationtechnoloyg；Mechanism；BijieArea，Guizhou 毕节地区是全国 “四大烟区”之一 ，全年烤烟种植面积在