大学英语考级四级写作专题讲解.ppt

概论 议论文的第一种形式是要求考生针对某一有争议性的两种观点，来阐述自己的立场，或对这一问题反映出的某一观点进行驳斥，然后提出自己的看法并加以论证。它的基本形式是：一些人认为……；另一些人认为……；我的看法……。这种文章的基本结构如下： * 议论文段落结构 Paragraph 1 Introduction(启) Paragraph 2 Analysis(承) Paragraph 3 Conclusion(转合) * 议论文案例(1) 例如： 1.一些人认为数据库威胁个人隐私 2.另一些人认为数据库有利于提高工作效率 3.我的看法 My view on Data Collection * My view on Data Collection Data collection is a fact of modern life. Some argue that data collection is endangering the rights of individuals, though others see it as a useful tool which increases efficiency. (启)To be frank, I believe data collection does more good than harm. (作者观点) * My view on Data Collection For one thing, databases provide a very useful tool. Large databases which contain information on many individuals can enable more effective decisions to be made. Institutions such as government departments and police rely ondata collection in order to operate efficiently, and hospitals use computerized records to help in their fight against disease. (承1) * My view on Data Collection For another, databases stored on computer can also be very efficient. Data which has been collected in one area can be sent anywhere in the world almost instantly. This means that those who have legitimate access to this data can work very efficiently. (承2) * My view on Data Collection In summary, data collection on individuals can be justified, although all possible measures should be taken to minimize the risks. (转合) * 议论文案例(2) 议论文的第二种形式是要求考生针对某一有争议性的观点，表明自己的观点(同意或是不同意)，并提出相应的论证。如： Direction:It is very important that children should study hard at school. Time spent playing sport is time wasted. Do you agree or disagree? Give yourreasons. * 议论文案例(2) We could argue that children go to school to study so that they may become fully productive adults and good citizens. We should ask whether playing sport helps children to become betterpeople. If so, sport is not a waste of time. (启) * 议论文案例(2) It is generallybelieved that students need more than the knowledge of a subj