金线莲菌根真菌的分离及其生物活性研究.doc

???? 金线莲菌根真菌的分离及其生物活性研究 ???? ???? 摘要：目的　研究野生金线莲［Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.)Lind］根内菌根真菌的种类及其生物活性。方法　菌根真菌的分离采用平皿点种法；生物活性测定采用促进植物种子萌发和对幼苗生长作用方法。结果　从野生金线莲根内分离获得21种菌根真菌，其中6种真菌对天麻(Gastrodia elata Bl.)和长苏石斛(Dendrobiun brymerianun Lindl)种子萌发有促进作用；5种真菌对金线莲幼苗生长有显著促进作用。结论　通过对有生物活性真菌的进一步研究，有望将其应用到兰科及其它濒危药用植物繁殖中去。关键词：金线莲；菌根真菌；生物活性测定中分类号：R284.2(434)　文献标识码：A文章编号：1001-2494(2000)07-0443-03 Investigation on the isolation of mycorrhizal fungi from Anoectochilus roxburghii and its biological activity GUO Shun-xing,CHEN Xiao-mei,YU Xue-mei,FAN Li(Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100094,China) ABSTRACT：OBJECTIVE　To investigate the mycorrhizal fungi from Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.)Lindl and their fungal biological activities.METHODS　The mycorrhizal fungi were isolated from natural A.roxburghii by plate cultivation.The biological activity was determined by stimulating the germination of seeds and the growth of seedlings,respectively.RESULTS　21 species of mycorrhizal fungi were isolated from the roots of natural A.roxburghii.6 species of these fungi showed the biological activities to stimulate the seed germination of Gastrodia elata Bl.and Dendrobium brymerianum Lindl and 5 species were proved to be able to promote the growth of seedlings of A.roxburghii.CONCLUSION　Through the studies on these mycorrhizal fungi,it is possible to apply it in the cultivation of medicinal plants (Orchidaceae) and other important economical plants.KEY　WORDS：Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl;mycorrhizal fungus;biological activity tests 　　金线莲［Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.)Lindl］为兰科药用植物，具有治疗糖尿病、肝炎等功效［1］。由于药用需要，产区药农滥采乱挖现象严重，使得金线莲野生资源濒临灭绝［2］。虽然现已有对该植物组织培养的报道［3］，但无菌苗移入自然条件下成活率很低，生长缓慢，难以提供商品。我们根据兰科植物与真菌形成菌根关系的特点，多年来从事兰科药用植物菌根共生机制研究［4］，先后从福建等地采集野生金线莲，并从该植物根中分离出多种菌根真菌，同时初步进行了这些菌根真菌对几种兰科植物种子萌发及幼苗生长发育影响的研究。现将结果报道如下。 1　实验材料 1.1　菌根真菌的分离［5］　采集野生金线莲植株，取其根部用无菌水冲洗干净，切成0.5～1 cm小段，用0.1%HgCl2表面消毒6～8 min，无菌水冲洗净消毒液后，再用75%乙醇表