阅读理解之词义猜测题解析.ppt

Homework: 运用今天所学到的解题方法， 完成印发的猜测词义练习。 --- 猜测词义 猜测词义题 ： 词义猜测能力是英语高考阅 读理解能力的主要组成部分，是历年高考中 的必考题型，此类题要求考生根据一定的上 下文猜测生词词义或熟词生意，考查考生根 据上下文对灵活变化的词义做出准确理解判 断的能力。 而且，所考查的词或短语的意义 往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境来判断。 考纲解读 另外，代词复指理解题也是猜测词义的常 考类型。 ? 熟词生意 。即考试大纲中有该词，但所考 的是该词的纲外意义。如 even 在大纲中所 给的意义是“即使”（副词），但在（ 2013 北京卷） The advanced EP also heats the room evenly , wall to wall and floor to ceiling . 这句话中考查该词的意义却是 equally “ 均匀地 ”。 ? 生词词义 。遇到生词不要慌张，也不要停 滞不前，而应继续阅读下去，也许该词的 意思在下文中很快就会明朗。 词义猜测题常用的提问方式有： 1. The word “…” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _______. 2.The word “…” is most likely to mean ______. 3. What do you think the expression “…” stands for? 4. The underlined word “…” means ______. 5. The underlined word “…” can be replaced________. .…… 设问方式 应答技巧？ It will be very hard but very brittle — that is , it will break easily. 1. Definition 定义法： 一般通过定义、定语 （从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。常 用逗号，破折号，冒号等。 ( adj. 易碎的 , 脆的 ) The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ( n. 牧羊人 ) 2. Contrast 对比法： 利用文中的反义词以及表对比关 系的词（组）猜测词义。 表示对比的词有 but 、 while 、 however 、 otherwise 等。 Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented . She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly A ( v. 不同意 ) 3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义 词、近义词或词组猜测词义。 Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted. ( adj. 巨大的 ; 极大的 ) 4. Cause Effect 因果法：从原因推 测结果，从结果推测原因。 One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. ( adj. 贫穷的 , 穷困的 ) ( adj . 大的 ) 5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例 猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有 for instance, for example, such as 等 。 Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances , for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions. (