化工专业英语lesson4翻译.pdfVIP

精品文档 仅供参考 Introduction to Organic Chemistry 1. Sources of Organic Compounds The major sources of organic chemicals are coal, petroleum, and agricultural products. Both coal and petroleum were formed through the geologic processes of changing animal and plant remains into carbon-containing residues. About one-third of all organic chemicals are derived from coal and about one-half from the petroleum industry 有机化合物的来源 有机化学药品的主要来源是煤、 石油和农产品。 动植物的遗体通过地质作用变成含碳残基然 后形成煤和石油。三分之一的所有有机化合物品是从煤中得到的，一般来自于石油工业。 2. The Methods and Objectives of Organic Chemistry Because of the tremendous number of organic compounds known, and of the many more being synthesized daily, the study of organic chemistry is not the study of individual compounds, it is the study of groups or families of compounds all closely related to each other. Obviously, the former approach would be prohibitive[prE5hibitiv]. Once the structural relationships of certain typical members of a particular group or family of compounds are understood, these structural features are understood for any one of the many members of the family, even though some may not be known compounds. 因为已知的有机化合物的数目庞大， 而且还在逐日合成更多的品种， 所以有机化学不是研究 单个的化合物， 而是把彼此密切相关的化合物按类或族来研究。 显然， 以前的方法是不可取 的，一旦典型的一类特殊化合物被认识， 这些结构特征将适用于这类化合物， 甚至是一些未 知的化合物， For each group or family of compounds often called homologous series of compounds, structural features are important. In studying organic chemistry, it is not enough to know the 。 1欢迎下载 精品文档 identities of the elements and how many atoms of each element are present in a given molecule. More importantly, the order in which these atoms are