人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练必修1unit4.docx

人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练 -必修 1unit 4 人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练 必修一 Unit 4 湛江 宁舒怡 定语从句（ I） 一、定义：在主从复合句中， 对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。 被修饰的名词 或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。 本单元要掌握的关系代词如下： that, which, who, whom, whose. 关系词常有三个作用： (1) 连接主从句； (2) 指代先行词； (3) 在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。 二．关系代词的用法 that 指人、指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。 The bike (that) I bought yesterday is very expensive. （作宾语） Do you know the woman that talked with you just now. （作主语） 2．which 指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。 China is a country which has the largest number of people in the world .( 作主语 ) 中国是世界上人口最多的国家。 The car (which) my father had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.( 作宾语 ) 我父亲刚买的小汽车在地震中被损坏了。 3．who指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。 The man who is talking with my father is my uncle.( 作主语 ) 正在与我父亲谈话的那个人是我叔叔。 The professor who(whom/that) you wish to see has gone abroad.(作宾语 ) 你希望见到的那位教授出国了。 4．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略， He is the man (whom) you are looking for.( 作宾语 ) 他就是你正在寻找的那个人。 The woman (whom) you saw just now in the classroom is our English teacher.( 作宾语 ) 你刚才在教室里看见的那位女士是我们的英语老师。 5．whose 既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。 This is the boy whose father is a doctor.( 作定语，指人 ) 这就是那位父亲是医生的男孩。 He lives in a room whose window faces south.( 作定语，指物 ) 他住在一个窗子朝南的房间里。 三．关系代词 that 与 which 指物时用法区别： 1 / 5 人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练 -必修 1unit 4 （一）只用 that 不用 which 的情况 1．当先行词为 all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词或由 every, all, any, few, much 等修饰时。 Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？ All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的都做了。 2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited Guangzhou was the Bai Yun Mountain. 在广州他们参观的第一个地方是白云山。 3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the worst film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最难看的电影。 4．当先行词被 the very, the only 等词修饰时。 I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday. 我已找到昨天丢的那支钢笔。 The only subject that I am not interested in is maths. 我唯一不感兴趣的科目是数学。 5．当先行词前面有 who, which 等疑问词时。 Who is the man that is standing under the tree? 站在树下的那个人是谁？ Which is the hotel that you stayed at last we