2021倒走在健身和康复训练中的作用探析范文.docxVIP

2021倒走在健身和康复训练中的作用探析范文 　　摘???要：　目的:本文旨在综合国内外对于倒走的研究,总结倒走与正向行走的生物力学差异及倒走在健身和康复训练中的效益,并为后续如何实施倒走运动方案提供参考。方法:查阅近年来国内外有关倒走运动生物力学分析、倒走训练的干预研究的文献资料,对资料中的信息进行汇总归纳和整理。结果:倒走与正向行走对比,步长短,步频更快,步宽减少,膝关节和踝关节的活动幅度与正向行走存在差异,髋关节无差异;倒走中膝关节作用力,髌骨关节间作用力较小;下肢肌肉的激活时序和激活程度在单双支撑相都与一般行走存在显着差异,腘绳肌和腰背肌群的激活程度也显着增大。结论:倒走可提高平衡能力,作为老年人的日常健身项目;倒走显着激活了腰部肌群,对于腰部慢性损伤患者具有较好的锻炼效益;由于倒走运动具有较小的下肢关节受力,同时激活更多下肢肌肉,在下肢运动损伤康复阶段,可作为锻炼项目之一。 　　关键词：　倒走运动;生物力学; 康复; 步态分析; 　　Abstract：　Objective:Thisstudy summarized the biomechanical differences between backward walking and forward walking and the benefits of backward walking in fitness and rehabilitation training by integrating the domestic and foreign studies on reverse walking.So it could provide references for the application of backward walking in the future.Methods:It was a review study so we search the literatures about the biomechanics analysis and the intervention research of backward walking at home and abroad in recent years,.and summarize and sort out the information in the data.Results:Compared with forward walking,step length,frequency and width of backward walking were different.There were differences in the activity amplitude of knee joint and ankle joint,,but no difference in hip joint.In backward walking,the force of knee joint and patella joints was smaller than that of forward walking.The activation sequence and activation degree of lower limb muscles were significantly different from that of forward walking.The activation degrees of hamstring and lumbar dorsal muscles were significantly increased.Conclusion:Backward walking can effectively improve the balance ability,and can be used as a daily fitness program for the elderly.Backward walking significantly activated the lumbar muscle group,which had good benefits for patients with chronic lumbar pain.Since it has less stress on lower limb joints and more lower limb muscles are activated at the same time,it can be used as one of the exercise in the rehabilitation stage of lower limb sports injury.