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The Tax System and theDistribution of Income Should the Government Use the Tax System to Reduce Inequality? After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Understand the tax system in the United States, including the principles of taxation that governments use to create tax policy. Understand the effect of price elasticity on tax incidence. Discuss the distribution of income in the United States, and understand the extent of income mobility. The Tax System The Tax System The Tax System The Tax System Which Groups Pay the Most In Federal Taxes? The Tax System The Tax System The Tax System The Tax System Should the United States Shift to a Consumption Tax? The Tax System Tax Incidence Revisited: The Effect of Price Elasticity on Who Actually Bears the Burden Of a Tax Do Corporations Really Bear the Burden Of the Federal Corporate Income Tax? The Effect of Price Elasticity on the Excess Burden of a Tax The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income The Distribution of Income Average tax rate Excess burden Lorenz curve Marginal tax rate Poverty line How Has the Distribution of Income Changed over Time? YEAR LOWEST 20% SECOND 20% THIRD 20% FOURTH 20% HIGHEST 20% 2007 3.4% 8.7% 14.6% 23.4% 49.7% 1990 3.9 9.6 15.9 24.0 46.6 1980 4.3 10.3 16.9 24.9 43.7 1970 4.1 10.8 17.4 24.5 43.3 1960 3.2 10.6 17.6 24.7 44.0 1950 3.1 10.5 17.3 24.1 45.0 1936 4.1 9.2 14.1 20.9 51.7 Table 18-6 Income Distribution and Poverty Measuring the Income Distribution and Poverty Discuss the distribution of income in the United States and understand the extent of income mobility. 18.4 LEARNING OBJECTIVE Measuring the Distribution of Income and Poverty THE POVERTY RATE IN THE UNITED STATES Poverty line A level of annual income equal to
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