高考英语复习——10组高频英语近义词用法辨析.pdf

高考英语复习—— 10组高频英语近义词用法辨析 一. advise/persuade/suggest 的用法区别 1. suggest ① 当建议解,可接名词、动名词和宾语从句,不能接不定式。 May I suggest going (to go 误) there by train? 我建议坐火车去那里如何? ② suggest 还可接句型“to sb.+从句” 。 I suggested to him that John (should) be fired. 我向他建议把约翰开除。 2. advice / advise 作劝告,忠告解,有下列四种用法: advise sth.或doing sth. advise sb. (not) to do sth. advise sb. against sth.或doing sth. advise(sb.) that sb.(should) do sth. She advised prudence. 她劝告(我们)应谨慎从事。 He advised waiting till the proper time. 他劝告(我们)等到适当时机才行动。 I advised him (not) to do it now. 我劝他现 (不要)做此事。 I advised him against doing it now. 我劝他不要现在做此事。 I advised (him) that he (should) do it now. 我劝他现在就做此事。 advise 后面加sb. (not) to do...,而suggest 后面必须加sb.(或者sb.s)doing...，当然两者 都可以接宾语从句，注意宾语从句的动词形式必须是(should) (not) do...。如下面三个句 子： a.I advise my father to stop smoking. b.I suggest my father( fathers) stopping smoking. c.I advise/suggest (that) my father (should) stop smoking. 3. persuade 后面接sb. to do...，它的特别之处是它表示结果，不表示动作，是成功地劝说，说 服的意思。 I advise my father to stop smoking but I cant persuade him to. 我劝说我父亲戒烟，但是我没能说服成功。 此外advise 与persuade 之间可以转换，try to persuade=advise, manage to advise=persuade 。 二. every 和each 的用法区别 1. each 可作代词和形容词,而every 只能用作形容词。如可以说each of these dictionaries 或each one of these dictionaries, 但不能说every of these dictionaries, 该用 every one of these dictionaries. 2. each 可指两个或两个以上中间的每一个,而ever 只可指三个或三个以上中间的每 一个,不能指两个中每一个.如： 可以说each of my eyes, 不可说every one of my eye，但可说every one of my toes(脚 趾) . 3. each 通常用来指若干固定数目中的每一个,而ever 往往指“任何一个”,如： Each girl sitting over there is my student. 坐在那里的每一女孩子都是我的学生。 Every man must do his best. 人人都尽最大的努力。 4. ever 和not 连用, 即“every…not”或“not…every”构成部分否定,表示“并非每一个”的 意思,each 则无此结构. 5. every+ 基数词+ 复数名词=every+ 序数词+ 单数名词,作“每(多少)”解,但each 不能 用于这一结构中. 如： every three days 每三天或每隔两天,相当于 every third day.