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英语四六级阅读理解答案
英语四六级阅读理解答案
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英语四六级阅读理解答案
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四 级 第 二 套
SectionC
PassageOne
Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Acrosstherichworld,well-educatedpeopleincreasingly
worklongerthantheless-skilled. Some65%ofAmericanmenaged
62-74withaprofessional degreeareintheworkforce, compared
with32%ofmenwithonlyahigh-schoolcertificate.Thisgap
ispartofadeepeningdivide betweenthewell-educatedwell-off
andtheunskilled poor. Rapidtechnological advancehasraised
theincomesofthehighly skilled while squeezingthoseofthe
unskilled. Theconsequences,forindividuals andsociety,are
profound.
The worldisfacing anastonishing rise intheofoldpeople,
andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.Overthenext20
yearstheglobal population ofthoseaged65ormorewill almost
double,from600milliontobillion.Theexperienceofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevity(长寿)translatedintomoreyearsinretirementratherthanmoreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshiftwillleadtoslower
economicgrowth,whiletheswellingranksofpensionerswillcreategovernmentbudgetproblems.
But thenotion ofasharpdivision betweentheworkingyoung
andtheidleoldmissesanewtrend,thegrowinggapbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.Employmentratesarefailing
amongyoungerunskilled people, whereasolder skilled
folk
are
workingdivideismostextremeinAmerica,where
well-educated
baby-boomers(
二战后生育顶峰期出生的美国
人)areputtingoffretirementwhilemanyless-skilledyoungerpeoplehaveabandonedpoliciesthatusedXtoretireearly.
Risinglifeexpectancy(预期生命),combinedwiththereplace-Xpensionplanswithlessgenerousdefined-contributionones,
meansthateventhebetter-off mustworklongerto havea
comfortableretirement.Butthechangingnatureofworkalso
playsabigrole. Payhasrisen sharply forthehighly educated,
andthosepeoplecontinuetoreaprichrewardsintooldagebecausethesedaystheeducatedelderlyaremoreproductivethattheprecedinggeneration.Technologicalchargemaywellreinforcethatshift;theskillsthatcomplementcomputers,
from managementknowhowto creativity, donot necessarily
declinewithage.
i
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