结节病ct典型和不典型型表现.pptx

结节病CT典型和不典型型表现会计学Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder that is characterized by noncaseous epithelioid cell granulomas, which may affect almost any organ. 结节病是一种以非干酪样坏死的上皮细胞肉芽肿为特点的多系统疾病，几乎可以累及所有器官。Sarcoidosis may be asymptomatic or chronic. It commonly improves or clears up spontaneously（自愈或好转）. More than 2/3 of people with lung sarcoidosis have no symptoms after 9 years. About 50% have relapses. About 10% develop serious disability. Sarcoidosis of the lung is primarily an interstitial lung disease in which the inflammatory process involves the alveoli, small bronchi, and small blood vessels. 结节病原本是肺间质性病变，累及肺泡，支气管和小血管 Typical and Atypical Features of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis at High-Resolution CT Typical features 1 Lymphadenopathy: hilar, mediastinal (right paratracheal), bilateral, symmetric, and well defined 2 Nodules: micronodules (2–4 mm in diameter; well defined, bilateral); macronodules (≥5 mm in diameter, coalescing) 3 Lymphangitic spread: peribronchovascular, subpleural, interlobular septal 4 Fibrotic changes: reticular opacities, architectural distortion, traction bronchiectasis, bronchiolectasis, volume loss Bilateral perihilar opacities 5 Predominant upper- and middle-zone locations of parenchymal abnormalities 典型特征淋巴结增大，两侧对称，境界清楚大小结节淋巴管播散，支气管血管鞘，胸膜下，小叶间隔纤维化改变，网状阴影，肺结构扭曲，牵拉性支扩，肺容积缩小，两肺门旁致密影中上肺为主不典型表现 Atypical features 1 Lymphadenopathy: unilateral, isolated, anterior and posterior mediastinal 2 Airspace consolidation: masslike opacities, conglomerate masses, solitary pulmonary nodules, confluent alveolar opacities (alveolar sarcoid pattern) 3 Ground-glass opacities 4 Linear opacities: interlobular septal thickening, intralobular linear opacities 单侧孤立前后纵隔淋巴结增大肺泡实变：肿块，实质性结节，实变融合毛玻璃阴影线状阴影小叶间隔增厚小叶年线状阴影 5 Fibrocystic changes: cysts, bullae, blebs, emphysema, honeycomb-like opacities with upper- and middle-zone predominance 囊性纤维化改变：囊，大泡，小泡，肺气肿，蜂窝样改变 6 Miliary opacities 粟粒样改变 7 Airway involvement: