暑假初高衔接词汇进阶版.pdf

暑假英语衔接宝典词汇进阶版

回顾一词类

英语中的词可以根据词义、句法作用和形式特征分为十大词类.

名词(n.):表示人或事物的名称.名词分为可数名词(如:pen钢笔,teacher老师)和不可数名词(如fire火,air

空气).可数名词有单复数形式.

形容词(adj.);表示人或事物的特征,如bad,beautiful.

副词(ad.);修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,如very,quickly.

动词(v.):表示动作或状态,如study,be.

代词(pron.);代替名词、数词等,如they,he.

数词(num.):表示数量或顺序,如five,tenth.

冠词(art.):对名词起限定作用,如a,an,the.

介词(prep.):表示名词、代词和其他词的关系,如in,for.

because.

,

连词(conj.);连接词与词或句与句,如and

感叹词(interj.):表示说话时的感情或口气,如oh,hey.

回顾二初中英语词形转换

1.变名词

(1)变表示某一类人的名词

◊+er如:farmer,worker,singer,dancer,reporter,listener,writer,runner,owner,foreigner

◊+or如:visitor,actor,conductor,inventor,director,translator,professor,monitor,operator

◊+ian如:musician,librarian,Australian,Canadian,Indian,Brazilian

◊+ista;artist,dentist,scientist,tourist,journalist,specialist,pianist,violinist,psychologist

◊+mann:postman,fisherman,Englishman,Frenchman

(2)变抽象名词

◊+r(s)ion如;invention,collection,pronunciation,donation,pollution,association,solution,discussion,

congratulation,suggestion,permission,attention,situation

◊+ment如:agreement,appointment,development,advertisement,environment,commitment,equipment,

argument

◊＋ty如:safety,popularity,difficulty,activity,beauty

◊＋th如:death,growth,truth,youth,wealth,health,length

◊＋ness如:illness,goodness,business,kindness,darkness

◊＋ance如:appearance

◊＋ship如:friendship,hardship

◊t变ce如:different→difference,important→importance,confident→confidence,silent→silence

◊其他如:fail→failure,proud→pride,high→height,weigh→weight,fly→flight,succeed→success,

speak→speech,please→pleasure

2.变反义词

◊un+如:unhappy,unfriendly,uncomfortable,unusual,unlucky,unpleasant,unable,unfair,uncrowned

◊dis+如:d