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本科毕业论文外文翻译
外文题目:Openness to Foreign Direct Investment in Services: An International
Comparative Analysis
出 处: The World Economy
作 者: Stephen S. Golub
原 文:
Openness to Foreign Direct Investment in Services: An International Comparative Analysis
Stephen S. Golub
Abstract
National policies towards FDI typically feature measures aimed at both attracting and discouraging in ?ows. Policies to attract FDI such as tax breaks, favourable regulatory treatment and subsidies of various sorts are usually focused on manufacturing. Policies towards services are far more ambivalent. Laws and regulatory practices frequently discriminate against foreign investors in services such as public utilities (electricity distribution and telecommunications in particular), transport (notably air and maritime transport), ?nancial services, and even construction and wholesale/retail distribution.
1. Introduction
As in the case of manufacturing, countries bene?t from FDI in services through employment creation, capital accumulation, transfer of technology, improved service and increased competition. Moreover, liberalisation of FDI in services can contribute to manufacturing productivity by increasing availability of quality of production-related services (Arnold et al., 2006, 2007; Gould et al., 2007). Critics argue that FDI can also impose economic costs such as displacement of local ?rms and reduced competition. Infant ‘entrepreneurship’ arguments can be adduced in favour of discrimination against foreign investors. Service sectors are also typically subject to economic or prudential regulation, because of tendencies towards natural monopoly or other market failures, although such market failures do not in themselves provide a clear-cut rationale for discrimination between local and foreign investors. The main reasons for limiting foreign ow
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